New Dubinko preprint on discrete breathers

For me it is not clear what you need to do to initiate/enhance the LENR effect. What I understood of DB's is e.g. that you need not perfect latices. It would be nice if the autor writes also an short document in lay termes that indicates what exactly enhances LENR.

Quote from Lou Pagnucco

Apparently, laser pulses can induce very high harmonic nuclear resonances in gases.
"Effect of nuclear motion on spectral broadening of high-order harmonic generation "

The spectra (fig. 3a, b; +1mm blue) look like the early Mills measuements of H* Ar* spectra some years ago.

This theory holds promise for several reasons. The first is that similar correlation effects between amplitude and phase have been observed in other systems such as squeezed light. That means we are not proposing a new phenomenon to drive LENR. The second reason is that it should be possible to incorporate the effects that Dubinko has developed (non-stationary potentials) into numerical, many-body quantum mechanics simulation packages. Some of these simulation packages can simulate thousands of atoms, and that may be sufficient to model nano-cracks undergoing width modulation.

One caveat is that such simulations are likely to compute intensive to the point that only national labs and some universities will have the compute resources necessary, but that is only an estimated guess.

The interest of the "Discrete Breathers" is not that there are "hottest"
areas in a quasicrystal.

The great interest of the existence of "breathers," is that if there are "hot spots"
in a material, there must also be the "coldest"
points.

This is what I call the "FREEZERS."

Excess temperature of 300K does not change ANYTHING for LENRs.

But a 300K temperature below ambient temperature changes everything: it can
appear Bose-Einstein condensates, and fusion energy can be get
transferred to these BECs.

I summarized this assumption in
2006:

https://www.researchgate.net/p…us_la_banquise?ev=prf_pub

(in french, unfortunately)

[Chemical and nuclear catalysis driven by localized anharmonic vibrations](https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1602/1602.02277.pdf)

IMO cold fusion runs due to synergy of multiple mechanisms, but the low-dimensional collisions of multiple atom nuclei in a single moment ("crystal lattice Astroblaster effect") are the most dominant factor there. Otherwise most of cold fusion theorists agree already, that the some kind of Mossbauer lattice effects gets heavily involved in cold fusion. These effects work similar way like the laser (anti-Stokes scattering) and they enable the local concentration of energy from multiple coincidental vibrations. But until we don't include low-dimensional aspects of lattice vibrations, then the predicted rate of cold fusion doesn't differ very much from pure statistical one, which is very low (http://www.e-catworld.com/2014…y-by-carl-oscar-gullstrom).

Electron-assisted fusion
https://www.reddit.com/r/Physi…ntional_source_of/cl8nnf8

The above theory covers the anharmonic aspect of low-dimensionals collisions, but it doesn't explain, how to achieve this anharmonicity (analogy of rogue waves at the ocean). It just shows, that under general circumstances the system of quantum oscillators described with Schrodinger equation could achieve the energy levels required for activation of cold fusion and it predicts the resonance at the hundreds terrahertz spectrum, which is IMO too high in comparison with experimentally observed values in similar way, like the similar Znidarscic theory. (http://www.angelfire.com/scifi2/zpt) (compare also discussion here http://www.e-catworld.com/2016…-frequencies-in-the-e-cat)

According to this theory which both atom nuclei, both the orbitals behave like the elastic bodies across which longitudinal and transverse waves resonate mutually. Frank derived the characteristic frequency of this resonance at the case of so-called impedance matching: under such a condition the orbitals undulate heavily together with atom nuclei in standing waves, which would enable the merging of atom nuclei by selective resonance tunneling. I presume, multiple atom orbitals could undulate at the same moment being entangled - so that Znidarscic's predictions of resonance frequencies are somewhat higher, than these experimentally observed - nevertheless the principle remains the same.

For to understand this comment well, there are multiple ways, how to estimate the yield of fusion reaction with activation barrier at the range of MeV at the temperature given (thermodynamics equipartition theorem, virial theorem or tunneling probability theory of quantum mechanics) - but their predictions don't differ very much each other and they lead to nonrealistic low yield of cold fusion reaction. You should introduce some trick, or the predictions of quantum mechanics will not differ from pure thermodynamics, because at the energy levels given the system behaves in merely classical way (many atoms must be entangled for to concentrate their energy, so that the system behaves classically in essence). After then we can forget the quantum mechanics and to utilize classical mechanics instead.

At the case of metal lattices this trick is in amazingly regular structure of atom nuclei, which are arranged in perfect lines due to crystal lattice, which is otherwise impossible to provide in artificial way. So that their collisions will differ very pronouncedly from any other statistics, which doesn't involve this regularity factor - they can behave like solid state laser for phonons (phaser?). Until this factor is not involved in the theory, then it doesn't matter if you use quantum theory or classical mechanics: your predictions will be always too low for to explain cold fusion effect in sufficiently convincing way.

/* Excess temperature of 300K does not change ANYTHING for LENRs. But a 300K temperature below ambient temperature changes everything: it can appear Bose-Einstein condensates, and fusion energy can be get transferred to these BECs. */

Unfortunately for your theory there is no known example or observation described in the literature, when the yield of cold fusion reaction would get lowered by decreasing of temperature instead of increasing it.
It doesn't matter how beautiful your theory is, it doesn't matter how smart you are. If it doesn't agree with experiments, it's wrong.

That sort of 'cold cold' fusion has a couple of important aspects. First, it may well be instructive for understanding ordinary 300 K or so fusion, and the possibilities that need to be examined and, if possible, perfected. Second, it is one of those types of fusion that unfortunately may have weapons implications. Nevertheless, considering the tremendously costly and wasteful "hot-hot" fusion efforts to date, which in no small part gain funding for, and because of their, weapons implications.... efforts on the "cold-cold" or say cryogenic fusion front are worthy of much attention. Suppose the "hohlraum dropped into a terawatt inertial confinement device" could be outperformed using far lower and far simpler conditions, as fabrice DAVID appears to suggest? (Sorry, my French is not up to an immediate appraisal.)

Zephir_AWT
(F.Z.) wrote :

Excess temperature of 300K does not change ANYTHING for LENRs. But a
300K temperature below ambient temperature changes everything: it can
appear Bose-Einstein condensates, and fusion energy can be get
transferred to these BECs. */

Unfortunately for your theory
there is no known example or observation described in the literature,
when the yield of cold fusion reaction would get lowered by
decreasing of temperature instead of increasing it.
It doesn't
matter how beautiful your theory is, it doesn't matter how smart you
are. If it doesn't agree with experiments, it's wrong.

My response :

When there is no known example or
observation described in the literature, it is the proof that we are
doing research.

When there is an example, you are only
doing bibliography.

/* When there is no known example or observation described in the literature, it is the proof that we are doing research. When there is an example, you are only doing bibliography. */

This applies only to experiments, not theories: the physics is experimentally driven science and the experiment has always the very last word there. If your theory doesn't work, then it just doesn't work - end of story.

What's worse, the boson condensate theory not only does suffer with lack of experimental evidence, but it also suffers with overwhelming excess of experimental counter-evidence: all existing research shows, that the cold fusion runs the better, the higher temperature is - which contradicts the boson condensate theory (which requires cooling). The existence of counter-evidence is not equivalent to the lack of evidence and instead of it it's the proof, you're doing fables instead of research.

The more lower the temperature, the more stable the Bose-Einstein
condensate of hydrogen isotopes:

https://www.researchgate.net/p…es_RCCNT-BL_17_Sochi_2010

It's the same thing for the Cold Fusion.

Hot Fusion is hot, and Cold Fusion is cold. It's why one call it cold fusion.

/* the more stable the Bose-Einstein condensate of hydrogen isotopes */

I wouldn't call the condensate or Rydberg matter the stuffs which occur during fusion, no matter how cold it is. It's more exact to call it degenerate matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degenerate_matter

It's true, the atoms are heavily entangled mutually inside such a matter in similar way, like the atoms within boson condensates, but this artifact is very unstable and it decays fast.
The difference is just in temperature dependence: the degenerate matter likes it hot, whereas the boson condensates or Rydberg matter are sensitive to heat instead...

/* The fundamental engineering challenge is to remove heat from a reaction zone fast enough to keep the temperature down */

This is just what the Astroblaster model solves: the thin rods of dense matter formed during linear collisions of atom nuclei serves as both effective absorber energy, both its radiator into an outside.
Despite the conventional wisdom, the absorbtion of neutrons or gamma rays with matter is quite stochastic and rare process: there is lotta place at the bottom, as Feynman once said.
It means that the neutron or gamma ray photon must pass many atoms before it will finally hit something, because atom nuclei are tiny with respect to distance between atoms.

The nuclear collisions during cold fusion are different: the long chains of entangled atoms get arranged along straight line and the photons or neutron get absorbed along these lines too.
Their absorption is therefore very effective and it's finished after short path. In addition, such a rod-like artifacts have large surface area and they're cooling fast with thermal collisions with another atoms, before they decay.
It makes big difference in comparison to pin-point collisions inside hot plasmas, where the energy of collision must release and spread from a single point. It leads into radiation of many particles with high energy, which is the main source of energy loss during hot fusion (not to say about their radiation effects).

Hum.

We must use carefully the right words at the right place, and I am always very disturbed when I see eminent minds of the Cold Fusion fellowship using without care words as « plasma », « Condensate « , ect...

I could be wrong, of course, but in my point of view :

A PLASMA is a collection of particles which individual energy exceed the energy of interaction between them.

DEGENERATE MATTER refer to a collection of FERMIONS of the same energy kept apart by the exclusion principe of Shrödinger . (No particle of same quantum number in the « same part of the spacetime ».)

RYDBERG MATTER refer to a collection of atoms (hydrogen atoms in the Holmid model) in which the electrons are highly excited. It is theoritically possible to build stable cristals with these atoms.

A CONDENSATE refer to a collection of interacting BOSONS sharing the same quantum numbers. It could be considered as a single "giant" particle.

As Alan Smith wisely point, the thermal conductivity of such a condensate is very high. If a fusion event took place, the energy is quickly transmitted through. Of course, a chain of fusion events destroy any condensate in a fraction of a second. It is why cold fusion event alway appears in the form of « bursts ». (Bursts of neutrons, and bursts of thermal energy producing « clicks ».)

After a certain time, the condensate re-form itself by anharmonic cooling and another fusion event is initiated another time.

I am not familiar with the Astroblaster model.