The Superwave

Quote from axil

One of the mechanisms that seems to work in stimulating the LENR reaction is EMF stimulation. There is a number of threads of research that might be tied together to get a handle on what could be the character and structure of this stimulation.

I think you're barking up the wrong tree here. This is not LENR. It is true that high power lasers can create very high electric fields in a plasma. The fields accelerate particles to very high energies and these can induce nuclear reactions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_acceleration
The problem is the efficiency. The probability that a particle causes a reaction (cross section) is small, so many particles have to be accelerated to induce one reaction. The rest of the energy is lost as heat. So even if lasers and accelerators can induce reactions with excess energy (positive Q-value) they are of no interest for energy production (with the possible exception of spallation/fission). The same holds for muon catalysed fusion: it costs too much energy to produce the muons.

The main beauty with the LENR is its small initiation energy. This is also the weakness: how is initiation achieved without loosing too much energy?

Quote from Peter Ekstrom

I think you're barking up the wrong tree here. This is not LENR. I

I think You missed a big part of the LENR research discussion. Superwaves were a hot topic around 2004. Everybody knowledgable in the field used them. Superwawes were also used in the Lugano test and this was one reason nobody was able to correctly calculate the resistance of the wires... They are usuall modulated on top of the heating current.

Here a citation of Mc Kubre:
The unique feature of Energetics’ experiments is the use of a fractal sinusoid current stimulus designated by them
as a SuperWave^TM. Alone among all of the current modulations tested at SRI, this waveform is capable
simultaneously of supporting high D/Pd loading and high interfacial deuterium flux. In the terms of equation [1],
both are needed for excess heat production.

For an in-depth explanation see also:
http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DardikIintensific.pdf

One more detailed with drawings: http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DardikIexcessheat.pdf

Why did superwaves go out of your sight ??

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DardikIexcessheat.pdf

The scalar wave mechanism of cold fusion utilizes frequencies in radiowave (molecular), megahertz (orbital) and terrahertz (nuclear transitions) spectrum. During cold fusion we need them all: the radio frequencies for phonon wave induced collisions of atoms each other within atom lattice, the TV frequencies for resonance of transverse and longitudinal Rydberg waves spreading along individual orbitals and the terrahertz frequencies for inducing resonance of orbitals withing atom nuclei. All these fractal pieces of matter must vibrate wildly in unison for to raise the probability of their mutual collisions followed by multiplication of momentum (Astroblaster ball effect).

IMO practically we just need high frequency discharge with high portion of harmonic frequencies (which occur in rectangular pulses). Such a high harmonics naturally emerge during fast interruption of current for example during plasma electrolysis, the boiling vapor is interrupting and chopping current in very irregular way. Scalar waves emerge when the current gets interrupted fast, not just alternated fast.

IMO it's worth to recall in this connection, Nicola Tesla achieved very high frequency pulses with using of magnetic interrupter: the magnetic field makes the discharge unstable and it decays faster. Most of scalar wave phenomena he observed with this arrangement. http://beforeitsnews.com/free-…sh-the-aether-576485.html

Quote from Peter Ekstrom

I think you're barking up the wrong tree here. This is not LENR. It is true that high power lasers can create very high electric fields in a plasma. The fields accelerate particles to very high energies and these can induce nuclear reactions.

It should be possible to differentiate occasional fusion arising from acceleration of small species under electric fields from certain hypotheses for LENR, such as induced decay, which might also go back to changing electric fields, and hence be susceptible to the kind of EMF stimulation discussed in this thread.

Quote from Wyttenbach

I think You missed a big part of the LENR research discussion. Superwaves were a hot topic around 2004. Everybody knowledgable in the field used them. Superwawes were also used in the Lugano test and this was one reason nobody was able to correctly calculate the resistance of the wires... They are usuall modulated on top of the heating current.

Of course I have missed a lot. I lost interest after F&P and did other things like most nuclear physicists. The quote sounds like alchemy to me, maybe because I don't understand. The trademarked Superwaves were obviously not the solution??? I don't remember Superwaves from the Lugano report, but I don't read it every day.

I think Axil is unclear on the real-world physical limits of engineering. THz signals are not even remotely possible from affordable electronics. Here's the kind of system that would be needed, based on interference of two GaAs laser diodes. It produces 0.1 mW average power at 1.5 THz, and costs $165K.
http://www.mtinstruments.com/downloads/Terahertz Parametric Oscillator TPO-1500 v4.pdf
Superwave-like signals are possible and affordable though. I'm using a $300 class D (PWM) audio amplifier to drive up to 600 watts at 4 ohms, with a waveform like this:

Here's an audio file with the superwave fundamental swept from 50 Hz to 5 kHz. I loop the file for continuous output
https://goo.gl/4iF2up

Quote from axil

One of this treads is the Superwave patented in 2003 by Energetics Technologies, L.L.C.

google.nl/patents/US2003021369…NAhUCYiYKHQY2CS8Q6AEIHjAA

The patent depicts the Superwave waveform as follows:

This waveform seems to help in starting the LENR reaction in electrolytic based systems.

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Two questions:
1 Do people still believe in Superwaves for LENR?
2 I assume the figure shows voltage versus time. This has to be a single valued function. You can not have two different voltages at a certain time.
Apologies if the question is trivial.

To me the figure looks like a remnant from the fractals that were popular in the 80s. Leaves, coastal lines etc.

The term Low Energy Nuclear Reaction is used in the patent. Is this the first use of this term (I bet Jed knows this)?

Quote from Peter Ekstrom

Two questions:
1 Do people still believe in Superwaves for LENR?

Superwave is a marketing term! But everybody is using a kind of S-Waves to enable LENR! (See Lugano Report)

As we all know out of many recent, peer reviewed papers describing SPP phenomenas, square fields are able to deeply penetrate into the nano surface of LENR powders and may there cause non linear amplification of the (near) surface field.
Of course "the frequency" (in reality it's a whole, often discrete, spectrum) must be close to "the eigenfrequency" (at least one) of the nanoparticle.
Older papers show that Pd/D loading runs much faster while they did shake the lattice with "superwaves".
But I havent seen a single paper where people explicitly looked for the optimal sweet spot (particle size/frequency).

There are other strange wave forms like tranvesal waves (based on square waves) see: http://jnaudin.free.fr/spgen/index.htm

As long as LENR is a hidden science (ask JED why), we will have to wait for the answers.

Quote from Peter Ekstrom

1 Do people still believe in Superwaves for LENR?

McKubre and others have seen good results from them. See p. 7 here:

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHcoldfusionb.pdf

I think they may be an effective form of stimulation, similar to rapid heating or lasers. Many things that cause sudden disequilibrium seem to trigger the effect, but only in material that is primed and ready to react. A trigger such as the Superwave will not work in a cathode that cannot produce the cold fusion effect for one reason or another, because it is dirty or cracked, for example.