The possible Role of Axions in LENR

The possible Role of Axions in LENR

The axion is a hypothetical elementary particle postulated by the Peccei–Quinn theory in 1977 to resolve the strong CP problem in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). If axions exist and have low mass within a specific range, they are of interest as a possible component of cold dark matter.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axion

In particle physics, the Peccei–Quinn theory is a well-known proposal for the resolution of this strong CP problem. It was formulated by Roberto Peccei and Helen Quinn. The theory proposes that the QCD Lagrangian be extended with a CP-violating term known as the θ term. Because experiments have never measured a value for θ, its value must be small if it exists.

The strong force is balanced on a knife’s edge where CP-violation does not occur. Only mesons show CP-violations in their decay. The particle that was invented to keep the strong force particles in balance is the axion. The strong force sits on a teeter totter that is held in balance by the axion as a dynamic process.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_CP_problem

The Maxwell equations have been modified to include the axion, so axions are an EMF kind of thing.
Since Holmlid is seeing massive CP violations in the production of mesons, CP violation could be the cause of LENR.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP_violation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaon

Axions convert back and forth between photons in the presence of a strong magnetic field. This is just what the doctor ordered for LENR: A method relating to EMF using strong magnetism to disrupt the balance of strong force particles that may result in the production of mesons.

I am disregarding the grand unification theory of LENR to work on this axion connection because it has a strength range that does not depend on the power of the emf field to generate LENR activity.

Here is some background that shows how strong magnetic field production is central to the detection of the axion particle though the magnetic conversion of axions to photons.

http://www2.kek.jp/physics-sem…/20150127_semertzidis.pdf

Axions and the Storage Ring Proton EDM experiments
Yannis Semertzidis, CAPP/IBS and KAIST

Quote from gameover

Summarizing:

• Holmlid is seeing charge parity (CP) violations by the production of mesons
• Therefore, CP violations could be the cause of LENR
• Axions have been proposed to explain CP violations
• Therefore, Axions may have a role in LENR
• Axions may be converted to photons (e.g. X-rays) in a strong magnetic field
• Strong magnetic fields are often observed or applied in LENR

The main problem that I see here is that this hypothesis is founded on Holmlid and Olafsson's muon observation. No other group has reported muons yet.

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No other group has looked for muons yet.

The report from Piantelli that a 6.7 MeV proton was emitted from a nickel rod used as LENR fuel could actually have been a muon. The cloud chamber that Piantelli used in that detection would not have been able to detect the difference between that charged particle being a muon or a proton.

Something is causing the proton to decay

Whatever is causing the proton to decay into strange matter is a new unknown process in physics. The cause is not part of current standard model theory. This makes LENR theory doubly hard. Not only do we need to explain the characteristics of LENR, but also LENR thinking gets involved in unknown physics that is itself ill defined and speculative and rooted in solving the hardest and still unexplained issues in physics.

Quote from gameover

To play the devil's advocate, I see two issues:

1. The mass of a muon is about 1/9 that of a proton. Would not this imply that the energy of the particle was much lower than 6.7 MeV?
2. Why would not Piantelli also see muon decay products, which sometimes include gamma emission?

First, the energy of the particle is determined by the length of its path as it ionizes the atoms that its passes through. If all the muon energy was spent through ionization before it decayed, then the electron would have little or no kinetic energy remaining to produce another ion trail.

Second, LENR seems to absorb gamma radiation even after the LENR reaction is over: absorption after death. This might be due to the continuing entanglement between the muon and the metalized hydride that produced it.

John Fisher saw thousands of alpha particle tracks in CR39 detectors, But he never saw any gammas from those 2.1 MeV alpha particles impacting the CR39 detector plastic material. The metalized hydride quantum mechanically absorbed the gammas. Holmlid sees the same process in that billions of fusion events produce the neutral particle fragments that he sees but there are no gammas or neutrons produced. This remains the case even after the laser is off and loads of muons of still streaming out of the metalized hydrides.

Reference:

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https://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.1290v1.pdf

Resonant detection of axion mediated forces with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Getting a feel for how axions are behaved.

An axion can be exchanged between two spins

Both the monopole-dipole and the dipole-dipole interaction produce coupling of axions

An axion crucially is not screened by magnetic shielding.

An axion can have a monopole magnetic coupling to nucleons.

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The axion related conjecture that might cause nucleons to decay goes as follows:

If a magnetic field of sufficient strength can enter the nucleus, then that magnetic field can convert axions that maintain the stability of the nucleons relative to CP violation, then the magnetic field can convert those axions to photons and produce nucleon decay and resulting strange matter based mesons.

Sidney Drell on the new results related to Sakharov's proton decay hypothesis

Tue May 24, 2016 11:55 pm

Andrei Sakharov's four page letter in the Soviet Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics in 1967 is one of the boldest and most famous physics papers of the century. Its aim was to explain why the matter in the universe is built of protons, neutrons, and electrons, while antiprotons, antineutrons, and positrons are so rare that we can observe antimatter only when it is produced in high-energy collisions, mainly in particle accelerators. This particle-antiparticle disparity is usually referred to as the "baryon asymmetry of the universe," protons and neutrons being the lightest of all baryons. Sakharov made the elegant assumption that originally the universe was neutral and had no baryon asymmetry. He then had the brilliant insight to realize that an asymmetry would build up following the big bang, via nonstationary processes during the expansion of the early universe, if his novel idea of proton instability were combined with the violation of particle-antiparticle symmetry (CP symmetry), which James Cronin, Val Fitch, and their collaborators had discovered experimentally in 1964 in decays of kaons. Many features of Sakharov's specific model of these processes became characteristic of grand unification models proposed in the 1970s, and the discovery of proton decay became, and remains today, the goal of several very-large-scale underground detectors.This summer it was discovered that the particle - antiparticle symmetry is also violated in the decay of a second family of particles known as the B-mesons. This most recent observation was reported by an international collaboration including more than 600 scientists and engineers from 73 institutions around the world, including Russia, working at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy. It Confirms this phenomenon for the first time definitely in this second family of particles known as the B mesons and adds strength to this approach of Sakharov to understanding the matter asymmetry in the universe. This result has been submitted to Physical Review Letters on July 5 for publication later this summer.

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There is a connection between nucleon decay and CP violation as defined by Sakharov's model.

Quote from Alan Smith

As I have said many times before, the staff who worked DGT have confessed in conversation they never had anything by way of anomalous heat, radiation or fireworks. Not even a measly magnetic field. Sadly, as a basis for LENR theorising their claims are about as much use as a chocolate fireplace.

It is true that experimental confirmation is required in this and all other reports on LENR behavior. The strong RF production the ME356 claims suggest large magnetic field production but until a LENR capable system is produced in an open source context, magnetic measurement is not possible.

The behavior of the DGT crew seems to contradict the usual patters of human nature of sane and clear thinking people. When DGT ran out of money, the DGT R&D crew stayed on as Alan Smith reports at the risk of their health and family life being motivated by a promise from management of good results and rewards to come. If the crew know they never had anything by way of anomalous heat, radiation or fireworks; not even a measly magnetic field, why would they keep at the R&D at the price of such physical, financial and emotional distress?

This mode of behavior does not make sense to me: Alan please explain what happened to cause this peculiar and seemingly unbelievable state of affairs.

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If this was due to the formation of ideal magnetic monopoles as Axil hypothesizes the inverse square law 1/R^2 for distance should be valid.

https://www.quora.com/Why-does…-obey-an-inverse-cube-law

Why does the magnetic field obey an inverse cube law?

Quote from eros

Is there some easy/cheap way to detect them? I know only fog chamber with B fields, but it is not so easy/cheap..

http://arxiv.org/pdf/1606.01196v2.pdf

The Desktop Muon Detector: A simple, physics-motivated machine- and electronics-shop project for university students

Quote from damn_right _man

Axil, You have no clue of particle physics, so please calm down.

You are right. Currently, particle physics is only done at a particle accelerator now, but with LENR, there is a possibility that particle physics can be done in other ways that have yet to be discovered. How to do particle detection in the workshop or basement is something new, Any ideas?

Using a CD as a particle detector might be done if the particle generates pits or holes in the aluminum coating of the CD. A computer program could be written to use a CD drive in a computer to read the pits and count them. Additional characterizations of the pits might be possible. There are freeware diagnostics programs available that might be modified to read the particle generated pits.

Another possibility is just to use a microscope to count the pits and/or characterize them.
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An example

Free software
http://www.digitalfaq.com/foru…ftware-media-quality.html

check CD before particle detection run at reactor to insure a good CD

next place CD near particle source for a given exposure time

next check CD for surface flaws.

Calibrate with a smoke alarm. Source of alpha particles