Short VERSION:
Secret #1 - Vacuum your nickel under heat.
Secret #2 Apply additional hydrogen in a step like manner after heating of LiAlH4.
Update #1
In an old post by Me356, he reveals the first and second secrets of producing excess heat!
https://www.lenr-forum.com/for…1/?postID=16659#post16659
"What replicators really need is vacuum pump and some additional hydrogen source. This will solve many problems."
Here is the entire post in case he deletes it.
QuoteI hope that in terms of weeks. More time mean a better COP. My goal is at least COP of 3 that should be convincing enough and quite usefull for a real usage.
There are many many things to try that could improve it dramatically, but it takes a lot of time to develop a new design that can utilize the improvement. And of course most of these are wrong.
I am learning new things with each experiment so I have no recipe yet.
What replicators really need is vacuum pump and some additional hydrogen source. This will solve many problems.
I believe that MFMP will achieve higher COP very soon too, it is just matter of time.
I understand what he means by the above.
First, the need for a vacuum pump is obvious. Oxygen, carbon monoxide, and other trapped gases must be removed from the nickel lattice. They fill up space that hydrogen needs. Until the oxygen, carbon, and other gases are removed, very little hydrogen will be able to enter the lattice. This has been mentioned repeatedly by different individuals.
Secondly, the need for a second source of hydrogen is obvious. Focardi and others have discovered that hydrogen can be best absorbed by utilization of steps of pressure. You allow a quantity of hydrogen to be absorbed and then you add more hydrogen pressure so even more can be absorbed. Focardi utilized many steps of hydrogen absorption. When it comes to systems utilizing LiAlH4, a very slow ramp up in the hydrogen release temperature range may simulate this. However, having a supplemental source of hydrogen pressure like Songsheng utilized will allow you to increase the hydrogen pressure at temperatures far beyond that of hydrogen release by LiAlH4.
Thirdly, Me356 has mentioned how areas of clean nickel seemed to irradiate heat much more powerfully than oxidized nickel. Utilizing an initial stage of nickel cleaning is very important.
The first two of these secrets match up perfectly to Me356's post in which he mentions there are two things that could boost the success rate of Rossi Effect replications to 90%. The use of a vacuum pump and the addition of extra hydrogen in addition to LiAlH4 (only Songsheng has done this) match perfectly!
me356: Reactor parameters [part 2]
QuoteDisplay MoreHank
Mills: there are usually at least two problems. One which nearly
nobody is doing, but is done by a successfull replicators (if done,
chances of getting excess heat is probably 90% higher) and second
that all unsuccessfull replicators are unaware. Second one is not
mentioned in any replication report and even not all successfull
replicators might be aware of this.
But
you can still find at least a hint in one report.
So you see, everything matches up.
Now please use this information to replicate!!
----
Vacuum you're fuel -- at least your nickel.
The secret above is super-freaking-simple and is, in my opinion, the secret (out of the two that Me356 stated existed) that would allow for a 90% success rate if performed by replicators. The percentage may be a bit of an exaggeration, because there are many factors that must be considered in the replication of the Rossi Effect. But unless you vacuum your nickel, preferably under heat, to remove trapped water, suck out trapped gases, vaporize contaminants, and create surface features you're success rate will be extremely low.
You are now probably thinking, "He's probably just guessing and donesn't know for sure."
Well, you could be right, and I could be wrong. But I seriously don't think so.
Here's why:
- The wise grandmaster of nickel-hydrogen fusion, Focardi, vacuumed his nickel under heat for the reasons listed above. Check out all of the papers he co-wrote. This vacuuming process is mentioned repeatedly. It was a critical aspect of fuel preperation.
- Songsheng Jiang, who has produced some of the must stunning replications of the Rossi Effect including long term self sustain at high (1300C) and lower (around 180C) temperatures vacuumed his fuel before applying heat -- for twenty four hours!
- There was a report from Defkalion that if they did not properly vacuum their fuel for an extended period of time, the output would be dramatically reduced. You may or may not believe they ever produced any excess heat. But the fact that vacuuming would make a difference in the output measured makes me think some excess heat was produced at least on certain occasions.
- Bob Greenyer gave extensive advice to Me356 before the period of testing began in which he experienced tremendous success. One piece of advice was to review the Cannon patent. In that patent, exposing fuel to a high vacuum is mentioned multiple times. If the Cannon patent influenced Me356, the most obvious thing he could have learned was to vacuum his fuel.
- It has been alleged that Andrea Rossi used a vacuum pump to do the same for his fuel. This makes absolute total sense. Rossi is an avid patent reader and would have found the reference in the Cannon patent. Also, he studied the work of Focardi and the other early Ni-H researchers who stressed the importance of such vacuuming. The thought he would NOT have vacuumed his fuel is absurd. Now, there may be some versions of the hot cat that work in which fuel vacuuming is not required, if for example molten metals *may* remove some contaminants. But I feel that not vacuuming your fuel is taking a big risk.
My opinion is that it is highly probably that vacuuming your nickel as part of a rigorous preparation program is mandatory to achieve a successful LENR replication. It could lead to success rates as high as 80%, 70%, or 60%. Those percentages may not sound extremely high, but the overall success rate in producing measurable, significant excess heat is probably around 1-2%. There have been more failures than most people realize.
There are other critical aspects that are important in producing a successful replication. But this is a very good start.
PS
1 - You can't heat LiAlH4 while vacuuming it or the hydrogen content will be released.
2 - Apparently, LiAlH4 and nickel powder can be vacuumed together if they are not heated. Be careful not to suck the powder up into your pump.
3 - Heating the nickel opens up the metal so that contaminants are more easily removed. Possibly, this can allow you to reduce the time spent vacuuming the fuel. Focardi used a temperature of 625C. The combination of baking and vacuum may create microcavities as per "Fluid Heater."