Transmutation, Radiation, and High Voltage Plasmoids from 'Way Back'.

1st Official Post
    • Official Post

    My good friend Hank Mills turned up this paper on the 'Way Back Machine' and brought it to my attention, it seems to have vanished from the list of 'easy to find' papers. Since we have seen an increased interest in the work of the late Dr.Ken Shoulders, I think it might be of interest to take another look at a 'high-power' approach to creating what are variously described as "Exotic Vacuum Objects (K.Shoulders) , cathode spots" (a Russian term), micro ball lightning, psuedosparks, EVOs, charge clusters, charged plasmoids, and more While the experimental set-ups are quite different here to the KS work, since they involve brief high-voltage high-current discharges they also revolve around a central theme: condensed balls/toroids of plasma that can inflict major damage on an anode, causing transmutation and other effects.


    THE PAPER :- 'Results of experiments on collective nuclear reactions in superdense substance.' Adamenko & Kokhno


    In this report, we present the results of experiments on collective nuclear reactions in superdense substance. The experiments were carried out at the Proton–21 Electrodynamics Research Laboratory (Kyev, Ukraine) in 1999–2004 with the purpose of developing a fundamentally new technology for utilization (remediation) of radioactive wastes. The research is based on the idea of initiation of a self-focusing cumulative process of shock compression of target substance to superhigh densities, with possible nuclear transmutation of the substance whereby radioactive isotopes are transformed into stable isotopes.


    http://web.archive.org/web/200…a/articles/Booklet_en.pdf


    More information about their setup that confirms they are doing (basically) the same thing as Shoulders, except at much higher power levels. Below is an overview/analysis of explosion kinetics and energy levels observed.


    http://proton-21.com.ua/publ/Proton21_Energy_EN.pdf

    • Official Post

    Googleish version of above article.


    - I know our scientists who are using two kilograms of wire to extract as much energy to heat Kiev for a year - proudly says the chairman of the State Department of Intellectual Property Nikolai Palladium, describing the discovery made by the laboratory "Proton-21".

    Terrestrial civilization would forget about the energy problems if people learned to control fusion reaction: with this famous thesis director of the Laboratory Candidate of Technical Sciences Stanislav Adamenko began to introduce in the course of affairs correspondent of Focus . Physicists around the world are fighting hard to get the process of "fusion" control (for example, its uncontrolled option - the explosion of the hydrogen bomb), and be able to derive benefit from it - that is, energy.

    It would have been simple: take hydrogen and heat it to a temperature stellar plasma. There should occur fusion of the nuclei of its atoms, in which would be allocated a huge amount of nuclear energy. But there is a great difficulty: nuclear fusion prevents the natural force known to physicists called the Coulomb barrier. It can not be overcome.


    In bypassing the barrier


    - Scientists are not interested, why the kernel have a strong resistance. In fact, but for what they merge if it is contrary to their nature? - Says Stanislav Adamenko, the author of the idea of an alternative approach, under whose leadership the experiments are for ten years.

    - It was found to have entered the nucleus interaction, not necessarily their "rape." It is possible to create such conditions that they would come together as a volunteer - Mr. Adamenko said about the objects of his study, as if thinking about the creatures.

    In the experiments scientists "Proton-21" is realized natural mechanism of self-sustaining nuclear burning substance. Something like that, as they say theorists laboratory occurs in supernova explosions of stars. Only if in the universal space that the process is started by gravity, in laboratory conditions - high-powered electron beam. They shot a metal or any other target. Extremely powerful blow to the target surface occurs simultaneously and with equal force to all of the atoms very thin surface layer. The flow of electrons that hit the surface, as explained by the scientist, creates a high density of matter wave. And then there is self-developing physical process that can be likened to a tsunami. Density wave tends to the center, the atoms are close very close to each other, degeneration begins nuclear substances. And it is accompanied by the release of large amounts of energy to the final super-powerful explosion in the center of the target, which looks like a fireworks display of reborn nuclei and atoms.


    Alchemy in the law


    At the same time, in copper, iron, tungsten, silver target born the whole set of the periodic table. According to Stanislav Adamenko, just because it looks one of the main natural mechanisms of chemical elements in stellar explosions.

    . More than 11 thousand of experiments conducted in the laboratory, show that the degeneration of the substance gives superheavy superdense atom and which were previously unknown to scientists - ie new elements.

    - The volume of nuclear degeneration is greater, the higher the density of the target material. As it can be used any material - says Stanislav Adamenko. - A number of the resulting free energy depends not only on the size and density of the target, but also on the strength and duration of the impact.

    In contrast to the classical fusion reaction, the nuclear process that creates in the laboratory goes without isolation of radioactive isotopes.


    New physics. This experimental unit demonstrates the new opportunities in nuclear physics. During experiments, new chemical elements are formed. At the same time - no radiation



    Many, many joules


    As optimistically claims the head of the laboratory, in industrial power plants in the target will direct kick power of several kilojoules, released energy will also be a thousand times more. In theory at all - out of ten kilojoules output can be obtained gigajoule.

    On the micro-explosion nuclear described above, according to the scientist, will need less than one-millionth of a second. Actually, mankind may subside quietly, found a way to produce virtually unlimited quantities of safe energy. The question is, when can we start using it?

    - On our discovery and experiments since 2001, is known to all the country's leaders: presidents and prime ministers - said Stanislav Adamenko. - Alas, we receive support only in words. If, say, in 2002 listened to our advice, then in 2009, the first unit would work.

    Perhaps the reason for such neglect is that the discovery was made not in the public specialized institutions and in the private laboratory. Here, near Kiev, working in the expensive devices, made by special order, and the staff of "Proton-21" consists of about a hundred people, among them many promising physicists. The results of researches "Proton-21" no one has yet refuted. The most common attack is exposed himself Adamenko: for example, he reportedly has no special physical education. But it's a little embarrassing scientist who reflected on the process of fusion with the teenage years.

    Who commissioned by investors who have invested money in the laboratory, the results are studying Belgian physics. They should check the fact of occurrence of nucleosynthesis with the formation of new chemical elements. Testing will cost about $ 10 million. The construction of the demonstration plant, which is expected to be possible to produce energy on an industrial scale, is estimated at 150 mln. Euro.

    - After starting the installation would have left no room for debate about its effectiveness. Such devices could be at large enterprises and to produce as much energy as necessary, - said Stanislav Adamenko. - This energy will last for thousands of years, as the fuel for it may be virtually any substance in solid or liquid form, even the sand or water.

    http://prod.sandia.gov/techlib…ntrol.cgi/2009/097874.pdf

    SANDIA REPORT

    SAND2009-7874

    Unlimited Release

    Printed November 2009

    LDRD 140639 Final Report:

    Investigation of Transmutation Claims

    Curtis D. Mowry, J. Pace Van Devender, Jeffrey E. Reich, Richard P. Grant, and James A. Ohlhausen

    CONCLUSIONS

    The Proton-21 Laboratory in the Ukraine has been publishing results on shock-induced transmutation of several elements, including Cobalt 60 into non-radioactive elements. We have developed and exercised a process to detect possible shock-wave-induced transmutation products and to unambiguously validate or invalidate the claims in collaboration with the Proton-21 Laboratory. We found elevated and localized concentrations of impurity elements like the Ukrainian’s report in our sample, but all our results are consistent with the ejection of impurities that were not in solution in our alloy, were deposited from the cathode during irradiation, or could be from surface contamination although the surface contamination cannot be validated. We are positioned to test samples fromProton-21 if funded to do so.

    If we do proceed with testing the Proton-21 samples, the control of starting sample and hardware is critical. Multiple methods are necessary to provide complimentary sampling volumes, different trade-offs for cost and detection limits, and different mapping and quantification abilities. Multi-disciplinary inputs will be needed in the fields of metallurgy, chemistry, and physics. Step-wise analysis is useful as shown in this work; additional techniques were available but not needed. Initial measurements provide guidance for more sophisticated and expensive measurements.

    Coursed are those who have seen and yet do not believed.

    THIS IS ACTUAL SCIENCE. CRYSTALS AT THE EARTH’S CORE POWER ITS MAGNETIC FIELD

    http://www.universetoday.com/1…ore-power-magnetic-field/


    Now that I have your attention, just wondering about what transmutations might take place at these high temperatures and pressures near the earth core. Maybe some of the elements in the rocks lying around are from LENR transmutations, would there be any way to tell and would there be any smoking gun, like muons coming from in the earth?

    Alan said "darkness at noon"


    The conclusions of the Sandia paper about Adamenko

    " but all our results are consistent with the ejection of impurities that were not in solution in our alloy, were deposited from the cathode during irradiation, or could be from surface contamination although the surface contamination cannot be validated"


    are consistent with a an anti LENR hatchet job IMO however I would not be surprised if there are similar papers printed in Russian.

    • Official Post

    None found yet. And Proton-21 is AFAIK still in business and running in 'dark mode'.


    For those interested here are (at least some of) Kenneth Shoulders lapsed patents.


    Method of and apparatus for production and manipulation of high density charge

    US5054046-10.png

    Grant US5054046A Kenneth R. Shoulders Jupiter Toy Company

    Priority 1988-01-06 • Filing 1990-06-13 • Grant 1991-10-01 • Publication 1991-10-01

    Disclosed are high electrical charge density entities, generated in electrical discharge production. Apparatus for isolating the high charge density entities, selecting them and manipulating them by various guide techniques are disclosed.


    Energy conversion using high charge density

    US5123039-10.png

    Grant US5123039A Kenneth R. Shoulders Jupiter Toy Company

    Priority 1988-01-06 • Filing 1991-04-12 • Grant 1992-06-16 • Publication 1992-06-16

    … propagating entities follow. Multiple traveling wave devices may be combined. Energy output from a traveling wave device may also be directed to the generation of a subsequent such entity. Thermal energy may also be obtained from an EV.


    Circuits responsive to and controlling charged particles

    US5054047-10.png

    Grant US5054047A Kenneth R. Shoulders Jupiter Toy Company

    Priority 1988-01-06 • Filing 1990-05-14 • Grant 1991-10-01 • Publication 1991-10-01

    22. An electronic device comprising a source of charged particles; a solid dielectric surface having a channel positioned to be responsive to and constructed to guide the charged particles of the source; a counter electrode capacitively …


    Production and manipulation of charged particles

    US5153901-10.png

    Grant US5153901A Kenneth R. Shoulders Jupiter Toy Company

    Priority 1988-01-06 • Filing 1991-04-12 • Grant 1992-10-06 • Publication 1992-10-06

    Disclosed are high electrical charge density entities, generated in electrical discharge production. Apparatus for isolating the high charge density entities, selecting them and manipulating them by various guide techniques are disclosed.


    Production and manipulation of high charge density


    Grant CA1330827C Kenneth R. Shoulders Jupiter Toy Company

    Priority 1988-01-06 • Filing 1988-01-18 • Grant 1994-07-19 • Publication 1994-07-19

    10. An electronic device comprising a source of charged particles; a solid dielectric surface having a channel positioned to be responsive to and constructed to guide the charged particles of the source; a counter electrode capacitively …


    Search within classification B82Y10/00 (431 results)

    Circuits responsive to and controlling charged particles

    US5148461-1.png

    Grant US5148461A Kenneth R. Shoulders Jupiter Toy Co.

    Priority 1988-01-06 • Filing 1991-04-12 • Grant 1992-09-15 • Publication 1992-09-15

    64. The display of claim 63 wherein the mean for deflecting includes a solid dielectric having plural channels for each of the several parallel channels, the plural channels extending in the same direction as the several parallel channels …

    • Official Post

    Hopefully this paper is not 'old news - I don't recall seeing it here. A good read I thought.



    Fusion reactions from >150 keV ions in a dense plasma focus plasmoid


    Eric J. Lerner, S. Krupakar Murali, Derek Shannon, Aaron M. Blake and Fred Van Roessel
    Lawrenceville Plasma Physics, 128 Lincoln Blvd., Middlesex, NJ, 08846-1022


    Using a dense plasma focus device with a 50 kJ capacitor charge, we have observed fusion reactions from
    deuterium ions with record energies of >150 keV that are confined for durations of 7-30 ns in the cores of
    plasmoids with typical radii of 300-500 m and densities ~3 x 1019 cm-3
    . We have for the first time simultaneously imaged the plasmoid at high (30 m) resolution and measured trapped ion energy and neutron
    anisotropy. The isotropy of the neutron emission as well as other observations confirms that the observed
    neutrons per pulse of up to 1.5 x 1011 are produced mainly by confined ions, not an unconfined beam. The
    conditions achieved are of interest for aneutronic fusion, such as with pB11 fuel.

    https://lppfusion.com/images/l…of_plasma%20pre-print.pdf

    To sum up [2004 ...]:




    5. CONCLUSION

    The above-considered peculiarities of the motion of a thin closed

    plasma layer with low density in the volume of a condensed target show

    that such a layer is squeezed with high velocity to the target center,

    by simultaneously ionizing the target matter in its volume and by rapidly

    increasing its density. Because the main reason of the motion of the

    layer is the force of surface tension of the bounded region containing the

    neutralized degenerate electron gas, the external and internal surfaces of

    this layer acquire rapidly the ideal spherical form. The linear velocity of

    motion of the plasma spherical layer can be close to the light velocity at

    the last stage of the compression.

    Centrifugal acceleration of the plasma layer leads to the synchronous

    self-compression and to the increase in the density of the degenerate electron

    gas in the volume of this layer. Upon the attainment of the critical

    kinetic energy EK of centripetal motion, the irreversible collapse of the

    electron-nucleus system occurs. We note that the threshold values of EK

    can be significantly lesser if we consider the action of the other abovementioned

    mechanisms of compression of a moving plasma layer.

    The density of the electron component of the plasma layer scanning

    the target corresponds at this stage to a relativistic degenerate gas, which

    make it possible realizing the state of Coulomb collapse of electrons and

    nuclei, screening the charges of nuclei, and ensuring the nuclear synthesis.

    If the density of the degenerate gas of electrons exceeds the threshold value,

    a rapid synthesis of heavy and anomalous nuclei becomes possible in the

    scope of the plasma layer. Peculiarities of the interaction of the scanning

    plasma layer with atoms of the target are defined by a number of successive

    processes: the complete ionization of the medium at the leading edge of the

    layer; the compression of the nuclear component in the volume of the layer

    up to the equilibrium density leading to charge neutralization of the electron

    component and the formation of the state of electron-nucleus collapse with

    release of the binding energy, the cascade of nuclear transformations in the

    collapse zone, and the decay of this collapse immediately after the back front

    of the plasma layer. A part of the binding energy of the electron-nucleus

    system, which is released in the process of formation of the collapse, can

    lead to the additional acceleration of the scanning plasma layer. During the

    process of formation of the state of collapse, there occurs all the complex

    of nuclear transformations, whose products remain then near the place of

    their creation and correspond to a local position of the collapsing plasma

    layer. The decay of a compressed state of the electron-nucleus plasma with

    relaxation to a "normal" uncompressed state of the target matrix after the

    passage of the scanning wave of the superdense gas of electrons is the endothermal

    process and leads to the cooling and localization of a part of heavy

    products of the nuclear transformations.

    In the central part of the target, there occur the shock squeezing of the

    scanning plasma layer and the formation of the zone of spherical collapse.

    It is obvious that, in this region, the most essential nuclear transformations

    (including the synthesis of superheavy nuclei) and the emission of the great

    amount of energy (supposedly in the form of hard gamma -quanta and neutrinos).

    After the termination of the action of the inertial forces, there occur

    the irreversible destruction of the spherical collapse zone and the outburst

    of products of the nuclear transformations into the environment.

    In the future, we intend to carry out a more detailed study of peculiarities

    of the running of collective nuclear reactions in both the zone of

    the scanning ion layer and the central zone of a spherical collapse.

    The scenario presented above, despite the necessity of successive corrections,

    makes it possible to explain the majority of results of a lot of

    experiments on the shock compression of matter and the synthesis of

    heavy, superheavy, and anomalous isotopes and elements.


    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10701-004-1317-y

    to date it seems some of the plasmoids are also stalking high voltage lines all over the US. as hot spots

    exotic particles above earths satellite and cme firing off

    eqs hammering off at Drill and oil fracking sites

    it sounds like something ready for peer review

    I don't think scientist are not ignoring it, they just have no idea what's doing it

    like the start of a shit storm,

    interesting times that so few see all this.

    • Official Post

    From the 'Thunderbolts' crew at Electric Universe. Interesting to me in that this guy credits Winston Bostik, pioneer of plasmoid studies.



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    • Official Post

    Thanks Alan Smith , I check them weekly and had already seen it. It had long been suggested that this is what happens in the famous Hessdalen place (Bob Greenyer has an article about that in his Steemit blog).


    I have also many times suggested these could be also man made hypersonic crafts, based on what was suggested long ago by French researcher Jean Pierre Petit (MHD aerodyne, published in 1975) a concept that should be familiar to fabrice DAVID who co authored a very interesting paper with Petit about this precise topic.

    I like the way Petit explains it in terms very easy to grasp for the general public in one of his science popularization comic series, “The Silence Barrier”.

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