Cavitation Energy Systems

Unlike "Zephir", I do not think this research is totally useless.

I will give you two examples:

If we manage to generate small stable plasmoids in a deuterated liquid by cavitation under a magnetic field we obtain a liquid that contains some kind of small "tokamaks freestanding", whose life is low, but still very large compared at the speeds of nuclear reactions.

Typically, I suggested that we can expect a life of about a tenth of a second.

If this liquid is compressed, for example by means of a shock wave, it is probable that the plasmoids will compress more than the liquid, and that the temperature, the electric current and the magnetic field will increase.

It is not impossible that we approach the criterion of Lawson.

My results are not spectacular: not much neutron or gammas with tap water and 100 bars of pressure. Little light and no more light under magnetic field.

Do not be discouraged, they are inexpensive experiments and I suggest that they be replicated and improved in better equipped laboratories.

I suggest using high pressure pumps to cut steel by water jet (more than 1000 bars) Our Russian friends have shown that fission products and neutrons appeared if uranium nitrate was added in water and that the fluid is cavited through an orifice in a sapphire.

Picture: cavitation bubbles in the optical cavity between the poles of the magnet.

optical cavity between the poles of the magnet.

I also suggest improving the system by removing water vapor in the bubbles. Indeed, when the bubble collapses, (1) there is steam inside, and when the bubble collapses, there comes a moment when the steam becomes supercritical, (2) and when the density of this fluid supercritical reaches the density of water, the collapse of the bubble stops (3) and the fluid bounces (as in a supernova).

In addition, even before the rebound, the fluid is heated to white, and it radiates light (UV, visible and infrared), which pumps energy out of the system, and this brakes the wall in implosion.

The maximum speed is therefore limited, and therefore the induced current is limited too.

I need to ask... why cant you use water in a tube and use { a little bit} of mercury to pump/ move everything at the same time if your using a electromagnet type field over the tube?

edit in

I would think the faster moving mercury would open the water bubbles and transfer the electrons to the mercury and then to a transfer casing.?

no go?

In trapped moisture bubbles between a fiberglass sheet and a aluminum plywood tractor trailer door blank, when you pull the fiberglass sheet away from the aluminum, all the trap bubbles will open. I have seen this spark jump 3' to a container wall to discharge to ground. it needed an outside force to cause the reaction and it was likley a chemical reaction to create the charge but none the less, it was the breakage of the bubble bond and the door blanks characterstics to a capacitor allowing the charge to biuld up to high voltage.

Take a little bit from meny sources sounds like how the elite get rich.

One parallel between cavitation and most, if not all, forms of reported LENR, is the presence of a phase interface. For sonofusion (perhaps a flash of hot fusion, if it works) the most obvious interface is between the liquid phase and the enclosed gas phase within the bubble. Some cavitation reports exhort that it optimally occurs at a solid-liquid interface, raising it to a possible three phase coincident system. Combining phase interfaces provides orientation of components in possible LENR reactions-- which is also a putative structural feature in heterogeneous chemical catalysis. The commonality that distinguishes CF from HF is always the presence of a phase interface in virtually all of the former, and rarely if ever to be seen in the latter.

The beauty of interfaces, is that they can localize, orient and concentrate: reactants, energy, forces, fields-- thereby effectively increasing their participation in possible LENR reactions. Nernst pressure, evanescent waves (surface plasmons), the 'skin effect', the possibility of colocalizing plasma to condensed matter, ferromagnetic to diamagnetic discontinuity, conductor to insulator and so on.

Quote from H-G Branzell

From this description it is evident that the authors do not have the slightest insight into the mechanics of cavitation. A cavitation bubble can be created when a fluid is subjected to negative pressure like behind a rotating propeller blade.

Pehaps another glance at Bernoulli's equation is required HG? ...Plenty of room for 'negative' pressures in there - given high enough velocities.

For the connection between cavitation and say Eric and Longview's discussion, please see back about 8 posts here, to wit:

Quote from Longview

One parallel between cavitation and most, if not all, forms of reported LENR, is the presence of a phase interface. For sonofusion (perhaps a flash of hot fusion, if it works) the most obvious interface is between the liquid phase and the enclosed gas phase within the bubble. Some cavitation reports exhort that it optimally occurs at a solid-liquid interface, raising it to a possible three phase coincident system. Combining phase interfaces provides orientation of components in possible LENR reactions-- which is also a putative structural feature in heterogeneous chemical catalysis. The commonality that distinguishes CF from HF is always the presence of a phase interface in virtually all of the former, and rarely if ever to be seen in the latter.

Just thinking of it as an ant farm, one sife of the glass is holding the reaction area sheet on the other side has the carbon cap sheet and the ants are running around poping the bbls.... that would take 5 sheets just for the cavitation area without the reaction area attached.

To longview, who says: «:It is a supercritical fluid, a supercritical plasma, which is essentially a supercritical fluid. "

We know what a supercritical fluid is, but I do not know what a "supercritical plasma" is.

For the record, a supercritical fluid is a fluid that does not change phase if we only change the pressure (starting above the critical point, of course) If we increase the pressure too much, we still end up getting a kind of solid, more or less "solid" depending on the properties of the fluid. (I am not sure that it is possible to obtain such a "solid", even at very high pressure, in the case of helium.) (below the critical point, it is possible to solidify the helium under reasonable pressures, and this solid helium forms a Diafluid-like Bose-Einstein Condensate at around 0 Kelvin.)

Example: you can compress supercritical water to the pressure you want, you will never get condensation into liquid water. (On the other hand, theoretically, at very high pressure, one must obtain "ice", for example in the heart of giant planets, but this is theoretical in the case of giant planets, because it is very hot in the center (10,000 K or more.) The theoretical physicists who made these calculations are not chemists, and they seem to ignore that at high temperature the water dissociates into hydrogen and oxygen ... It seems obvious to me that a layer of hot ice (water or ammonia, or a mixture of the two) should evolve rapidly into a pure layer of oxygen and a layer of nitrogen, the hydrogen migrating towards the outer hydrogen-helium (supercritical) layer. The nice inner core of "rocks" that we can see on the beautiful infographics of Wikipedia must silicates must decompose itself to release oxygen and metals, so we must have a ferronickel core containing other metals, and above more or less pure layers of Obviously, and fortunately, uranium does not sediment in the center of the nucleus of the planets and this heavy element remains dissolved in ferronickel, otherwise we would be aware of it.

I take this opportunity to note that it is the same thing in the center of the sun: We are in "radiative zone", there is no convection, the reactions of fusion of which we spoke above, in the center of the sun, are probably fusion reactions at the core limit of heavy elements of our star. (from memory, the rocky core must equals 3000 Earth masses) The fusion of hydrogen in our star is in fact a nuclear reaction in condensed matter!

But back to our plasma: at very high pressure, we can no longer compress a plasma, because of the pressure of Pauli (Because of the exclusion principle of Pauli, electrons and other fermions repel.) It is he famous "degenerate matter" of the center of white dwarfs.

If the pressure increases further the electrons are very quickly picked up by the protons and this remark answers the question of our friend ... above: yes, the electronic capture is possible with free electrons, no need for intact K and L shells! And this reaction depends on the electron density: the more electrons spend time in the nuclei the more likely they are to react with the protons by weak interaction.