Leonov gives the 1974 Usherenko effect priority in LENR

https://drive.google.com/file/…ODEtOTg3YmJhMzkxM2Jk/view

This effect might be based on cavitation. The active agent in a cavitation reaction is a metalize hydride. Does the initial impact of the particle produce a hydride?

Quote from Alan Smith

There is further material on the closely related topic of 'condensed plasmoids' also known as 'charge clusters' , 'EVOs' etc on this website.

http://condensed-plasmoids.com/

Yes, this looks very close to the spark based EVOs produced by Ken Shoulders. The EVOs are a dusty plasma based aggregation of nanoparticles produced by a large energy release producing a plasma plume. The nanoparticles are hosts for Surface Plasmon Polaritons that are at the bottoms of all these LENR based reactions. The same nanoparticle reaction principle supports the SunCell reaction and the Quark QX reaction discovered by Rossi. A dusty plasma generates nanoparticles that host SPPs that convert energy to monopole magnetism which disrupts the protons and neutrons in nuclei.

SPPs are hosted by many nanostructures including metal hydrides and energetic nanoparticles that condense from a cold plasma. Dusty plasma could be produced by a spark or a particle impact of sufficient energy.

SPPs might also produce transmutation that has be seen in microwave generated cold plasmas in reactors designed by G. Egely.

Quote from Ahlfors

https://scholar.google.com/sch…P%2C%20Minsk%20%281998%29.

Reference:

https://link.springer.com/arti…00045161.32924.c8?LI=true

Abstract

Experimental data showing that on collision of a flux of high-velocity microparticles (which is close to the fluxes of space particles in parameters) with a thick-walled metal obstacle we have failure of integrated circuits placed behind this obstacle have been given.

A LENR reaction will produce muons that will disrupt the integrated circuits of a chip.

me356 has complaid that his test equipment fails within 3 meters of his reactor,

Also see

https://phys.org/news/2017-02-…e-wreaking-low-grade.html

Particles from outer space are wreaking low-grade havoc on personal electronics

Quote

When cosmic rays traveling at fractions of the speed of light strike the Earth's atmosphere they create cascades of secondary particles including energetic neutrons, muons, pions and alpha particles. Millions of these particles strike your body each second. Despite their numbers, this subatomic torrent is imperceptible and has no known harmful effects on living organisms. However, a fraction of these particles carry enough energy to interfere with the operation of microelectronic circuitry. When they interact with integrated circuits, they may alter individual bits of data stored in memory. This is called a single-event upset or SEU.



Read more at: https://phys.org/news/2017-02-…eaking-low-grade.html#jCp

Alan Smith,

I have tried to read the pdf about the Usherenko-effect but it is a bit "physics to explain the hypotheses of Vladimir Leonov". However, the observations are reliable. As far I can understand Leonov's explanations his conclusions about the transformation of the Coulomb force are correct. In fact, it is the opposite mechanism of Pd-based LENR. In Pd-based LENR the electromagnetic wave-pattern of the electrons force the enclosed H-atoms to accelerate but the H-atoms are firmly enclosed by the mass of the Pd-lattice so the H-atoms must change their new energy content in a different way: lowering the Coulomb force of the nucleus. The underlying mechanism is the conservation of quanta transfer (law of conservation of energy).

The Usherenko-effect accelerate micro particles that are obstructed by the iron mass. The energy of the acceleration is stopped abruptly so it influences the Coulomb force too. However, the chemical constituents of the micro particles will determine the reactions (fission and/or fusion).

Usherenko uses an explosion to accelerate the micro particles and it is clear that the process isn't easy to integrate into a design of a power-supply. Moreover, cooling the target is obtaining the nuclear energy but after some time the iron is like a chees with holes. So every destructive solution (even Pd-based fusion) has no future.

If it is a projectile (artillery) we don't see any strange nuclear effect because of the mass and the enormous kinetic energy of the projectile. If it is only the kinetic energy of the micro particle we know that it can "melt" no more than a number of atomic layers of the iron target. So it is nuclear because the micro particle isn't transformed by the explosion in a bunch of ripped elementary particles (like high energetic particles from outer space).

Besides that, a projectile has a special shape to penetrate deep into massive steel (e.g. nealy 0,8 meter for a Pantzer projectile). The shape of the micro particles are more like rocks. If the impact rapes nearly all the electron shells of the molecules of the micro particle it is the mass and the kinetic energy of the nucleus that must create the long trajectory inside the iron target. Really difficult when most of the kinetic energy is adsorbed by the target.

" So every destructive solution (even Pd-based fusion) has no future"

Destructive is a relative term.

The equation E=mc2 applies to many physical, chemical and nuclear energy transformations.

The Nobel Prize is based on one of them..

https://www.nobelprize.org/alf…hical/articles/life-work/

Technically, when a kinetic projectile penetrates something, it is breaking atomic bonds and could be described as melting that which is in it's path. Sometimes quite literally. Spalling is a good evidence of this effect. Its also worth note that a smaller bullet sometimes penetrates armor much better than a larger one based on it's ballistic cross-section. For example, the 5.56x45 NATO tends to penetrate armor better than the 7.62x39 Soviet even though it has less kinetic energy. This isn't an absolute rule because there are so many different types of armor, but perhaps at an atomic level the lattice of atoms that makes up a material could be thought of in similar terms to soft body armor's weave in the sense that there are gaps between the strong points. I'm not sure how far that goes toward explaining this, but it penetration of a material certainly is not solely a function of kinetic energy but also gaps in the material(however minuscule) and where it hits specifically.

I think perhaps there could be some merit in studying how a bodkin arrow can strike a multi-layered set of chain mail and tear apart under layers without tearing apart the outer layers. If the bodkin has a fine enough point it may not tear any of the layers. On a small enough scale, there's really no such thing as a smooth surface. I believe you might even be able to say that covalent bonds are much like the interlacing of the links of mail. The more links binding each connection point, the stiffer the material appears to be. It might be a crude way to look at it, but it might explain the effect.

New video from Brilliant Light Power Inc. Interesting Product of Energetic Hydrino Reaction Video displayed at 10X speed with an insert of filaments of the compound in air displayed at normal speed. Detonation of reaction mixture produces an energetic power release and forms filamentous chemical products. Products are ferromagnetic and each "comprises a metal not known to form a hydride or to be magnetic".

Wend/Irion's experiments with exploding wires are, where the whole cold fusion research (and its ostracizing by mainstream physics) started before one century. But I don't think that artifacts observed in video have something to do with cold fusion or EVO's or hydrino. They're formed with droplets of hot metal sputtered by discharge burning on air.

One should rather ask, why BLP is doing such a trivial experiments, when its expected to bring advanced product to manufacture... :-\

I should develop a technique to use this in food production. Maybe use explosives to put spices inside some steaks? That might lead to some pretty bizarre slaughterhouses though.... lol Or maybe we can micronize this and blast chemo drugs directly into tumors. Maybe freeze some gas and blast it into some metal and make metal foam? The possibilities are diverse!

It would be interesting to look inside the walls of the hole produced by the impacting particle with a SEM to see if there has been produced any transmutation of elements.