About Mizuno Plasma LENR Electrolysis

Hi,

I've rediscovered Tadahaki Mizuno's Plasma Electrolysis experiments.

https://www.researchgate.net/p…ma_Electrolysis_in_Liquid

The key information about the experiments, besie metrology, is :

Quote

The electrolyte solution is prepared with filtered Milli-Q pure distilled water. It is used after being redistilled in quartz glass. Ultrahigh-purity reagents are used for the K2CO3 electrolyte. The concentration of impurities such as Cl, SO4, SiO2 and PO4 is less than 10ppm. Impurities in the alkaline metals include 5ppm of Ba and 1ppm of Ca. Other metallic impurities are Fe at 0.05ppm at maximum.

The cathode is 5mm × 10mm rectangular of W plate (0.3mm thick) with 1.5-mm-diameter W lead. We conduct tests using this type of sample. The lead rod is covered with a thin tight-fitting Teflon sleeve (3mm in diameter). The exposed area of the W plate is therefore 1.09cm2. Nilaco tungsten is used for the cathode and lead wires, both of which are 99.98% pure. Impurities present in the sample are 20ppm Fe, 20ppm Mo and less that 5ppm of other elements. The foil is cut into a rectangle and polished with #1500 emery paper. The lead wire is spot-welded perpendicular to the long side of the cathode. After welding, the cathode and the lead wire are cleaned with 1.0% HF and 3% HNO3 at 25° C for 2h, followed by a solution of HCl and HNO3 3:1 for 2 h, to wash off impurities. The sample is rinsed, the lead wire is completely covered with a Teflon shrink-wrap tube, and then the sample is electrolyzed.

Platinum wires or mesh is used as the counter electrode and electrode lead wires. Purity was 99.99%. Impurities include 18ppm Rh, 2ppm Si, Cr, Pd, and less than 1 ppm Au, Ag, B, Ca, Cu and Fe and no detectable levels of other elements. The anode is a piece of Pt mesh (made of 0.2mm wire)
5cm× 15 cm in size. The nominal area of the mesh (both sides) is 55cm2. Thus, the anode/cathode area ratio is about 50.5. A 1.5-mm-diameter Pt lead wire is crimped to the anode mesh. This lead wire sleeved with Teflon tube is led out of the cell through a rubber seal. The two electrodes are positioned about 2 cm from the bottom of the vesseland are located about 3cm apart.

Figure 3 shows a typical relationship among voltage, current density and temperature when the cathode is electrolyzed in 0.2M potassium carbonate in light water. Each curve shows temperature dependence of the current and voltage relationship for various plasma and cathodic electrolyses. Open symbols show the current density performance as the voltage is changed. Cell performance varies with temperature, and
it is summarized as follows: As the voltage is increased, the anode begins to produce copious amounts of oxygen, while the cathode produces hydrogen. At maximum current density, hydrogen production at cathode is at a maximum, and at the same time the sound of boiling is heard. After exceeding the maximum current density, when voltage is slightly raised, current density suddenly falls, and at the same time it begins fluctuating violently. Light emissions due to electrical plasma discharge at the cathode surface begin. While the temperature remains low, the current fluctuations are large and difficult to stabilize; however, when the temperature exceeds around 85°C, the fluctuations show a regular periodicity of 0.5–0.6s duration, which is caused by bubble formation. After exceeding the maximum current density, the current does not increase any longer and decreases when voltage is increased. Current density remains at approximately 0.5A/cm2 at voltages of 200V and above. When we compare the impedance of the solution at different stages of the electrolytic process, we find that increases by a factor of 20, from 60Ä to 300Ä, as a layer of gas is formed. The transition appears to increase the electrical charge of the cathode reaction by a factor of 20. This discharge phenomenon was discovered in the early 1950s and reported by Kellogg13)Polakowski.14)Ohwaku and Kuroyanagi15) clarified the roles played by temperature, electrolyte type, current density, and cathode area in this form of electrolysis. Later, when voltage is reduced, the

continued until voltage reached roughly 60 V. After that, the discharge stopped abruptly and at the same time the current increased suddenly, as ordinary electrolytic evolution of hydrogen was re-initiated.

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I know there have been many such experiments, some difficulties with power measurement and calorimetry, some mitigations of those errors... some replications...

Can you comment, about :

• key history of the published and unpublished works, with the available papers
• key point to trigger the effect, advice for replicators
• key concerns about measurement, artifacts, and mitigations concern of those concerns
• Best results, remaining concerns, conclusions

This is a technical thread, don't complicate it with something else calorimetry, electronics, metallurgy, chemistry, ...No theory, no ad-hom arguing, no off-topic... It's enough complicated already.

Goal: If you work well, this thread should be a reference for a candidate replicator.