but "Commercial fusion energy IS making progress, faster than many realize ..."
First plasma on Neo V4 Orbitron fusion machine. For reference at these conditions (15 kV cathode voltage, 0.2 Tesla) the electron temperature was likely 1 keV or 10 million deg C! We've previously measured >10 keV and >115 million deg C electrons (disclosed at APS DPP 2023/2024 poster sessions). Of all the commercial fusion companies there are currently 7 operating with fusion plasma's and here is how they rank in terms of publicly disclosed electron temperatures and when:
1) Avalanche: >10 keV (>115 Million deg C) 2024
2) Helion: 8.6 keV (100 Million deg C) 2021
3) Zap: 3.2 keV (37 Million deg C) 2024
4) Tokomak Energy: 3 keV (35 Million deg C) 2023
5) TAE: 1 keV (11 Million deg C) 2024
6) Realta: 1 keV (11 Million deg C) 2024
7) General Fusion: 0.3 keV (3 Million deg C) 2024