At ICCF-22 I had the pleasure of a long discussion with Lutz, author of the paper below, which focuses on his plasmoid (AKA EVO) research. A long read packed with insights and data. Download from http://condensed-plasmoids.com/condensed_plasmoids_lenr.pdf
The Physics of Condensed Plasmoids (CPs) and Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR)
October, 2015 through September, 2019
Lutz Jaitner, lutz.jaitner t-online de, http://www.condensed-plasmoids.com
Abstract
LENR research was puzzled for a long time by the basic questions: How can nuclei fuse at low temperature, i.e. how
can they overcome the Coulomb barrier without having high kinetic energies? Why is the observed excess heat not
accompanied with gamma radiation? Why is LENR producing helium-4 from deuterium, whereas D-D hot fusion is
mainly producing helium-3, tritium and neutrons? How can LENR be technically optimized for commercial use?
To answer these questions, the author has built a quantum-mechanical model of the nuclear active environment in
LENR. This environment is an ultra-dense plasmoid, i.e. a “condensed plasmoid”. The computed properties of CPs are
so exotic, that CPs qualify as a previously unknown aggregation state of matter.
This document is first in describing the properties of CPs, the microscopic evidence of CPs in LENR experiments, how
the properties of CPs help explaining a wealth of remarkable findings in LENR experiments, examples of nuclear
reaction routes possibly enabled by CPs, the quantum-mechanical model of CPs, the computational results derived from
this model, verifiable predictions derived from the theory on CPs and a technology assessment on potential dangers of
LENR. The mechanism, which suppresses gamma radiation in CPs, will also be described in this document.
The quantum-mechanical model of CPs is based on the cylindrical symmetry of a very thin (i.e. about 40 pm) plasma
“wire” (The quantitative properties given in the abstract are depending on the configuration of the CP, they are just
examples). The electrons of a CP are fully delocalized and decoupled from the nuclei. They are moving with high
velocity (10 to 80% of light speed) against the nuclei. This is resulting in an intrinsic current of about 9 kA in the CPs,
with a mean current density of approximately 2.5 A per square picometer.
The magnetic field from this current reaches 50 megatesla and creates a confinement pressure of more than 1021 Pa. The
electrons are compressed by a z-pinch condition to a mean density of about 0.15 electrons per cubic picometer.
The creation of a CP is an endothermic process, which typically requires discharges with high voltages and high
currents. Once created, CPs enjoy a lifetime, which can extend to hours and beyond. This longevity is likely not a result
of the CP’s stability, but is rather based on a self-sustained feedback of nuclear energy, countering the otherwise
inevitable decay of the CP.
The minimum distance of hydrogen nuclei in a CP is only about 2 pm, which enables tunneling through the Coulomb
barrier. The barrier is also much screened by the dense electrons.
Nuclear energy feedback to the electrons can potentially produce a negative resistance of sparks and a self-sustained
growth of CPs. This can lead to high-voltage oscillations in the electrodes and a dangerous and sudden release of
nuclear energy, if the electrode circuitry is not damped resistively and the reaction rate is not properly fuel-limited.
