Lutz Jaitner - plasmoid research and LENR

Quote from LeBob

Understood!

Seek understanding and love

Whaia te maramatanga me te aroha

Pg 31

https://www.researchgate.net/p…context=ProjectUpdatesLog

Quote from Curbina

I'd say they have not been proven to exist, but the mathematical concept exists and some quasi particles exhibit a behavior that is mathematically analogous to the hypotethical magnetic monopole. So, you are stating your opinion.

Lots of mathematical concepts exist which have nothing to do with physical reality. The point of physics is to determine what subset of mathematics models reality. And "quasi particle analogs" are not the real thing. As far as I have read, there still is no magnetic monopole, and Maxwell was right.

Quote from axil

Keith Fredericks proved experimentally that Monopoles do exist .

Really? I would think this would be massively publicized news. And by monopoles do you mean magnetic? I think there are lots of electric monopoles. I haven't seen a rewrite of Maxwell's Del dot B = 0 yet.

Quote from PhysicsForDummies

Really? I would think this would be massively publicized news. And by monopoles do you mean magnetic? I think there are lots of electric monopoles. I haven't seen a rewrite of Maxwell's Del dot B = 0 yet.

Intro to Magnetic Monopoles

What is the significance of an EVO being a monopole? Why is an EVO a monopole?

1 - It is massive.

2 - It is a stand alone independent self sustaining particle with an indeterminate lifespan.

3 - It has been predicted to exist

4 - It must exist to complete the symmetry of electromagnetic theory.

5 - Its tracks show up as being produced by a monopole.

6 - We have pictures of it that show the magnetic flux tube of a monopole.

ICCF-18 : Keith Fredericks

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=14&v=pRKblAn8lLI

NATO 2008

Effects of Exposure to High-Velocity Streams of Microparticles [updated 2019, with literature]

Shock-wave processes accompanied by the formation of chemical elements,

are of great interest, since research in this area is associated with the problem

of controlled nuclear fusion and the search for new energy sources. First

publications on synthesized chemical elements under conditions of shock accumulation

waves caused mainly distrust, since the simplest estimates of energy the

contribution was several orders of magnitude less than what was required for the “ignition”

nuclear reactions.

In 1985, the phenomenon of the formation of chemical elements was experimentally discovered.

when exposed to iron alloys, plasma jets [1] formed in the mode irregular interaction of strong shock

waves. The total amount of impurities in the iron target did not exceed 0.4%. After the explosion,

Mn and Si were detected in the target material concentrated in zones up to two tens of micrometers wide.

Especially high the value is fixed for manganese - 16 ... 27%, in this regard, the authors expressed

the assumption that the appearance of an abnormally high concentration of manganese is most likely

caused by nuclear reactions. Since 2001, works on research of new elements formed in metal targets

with spherical cumulation of shock waves [2], in other substances and in other methods

high-energy impact [3,4].

[Use Google Translate]

Theory - highly excited states

Physical mechanism of super-deep penetration

Theory - shock waves

Model of the effect of superdeep penetration of powder particles

..." The offered concept predicts the formation of a closed system

of the channel elements in the barrier material volume. These

elements, at the closing process, absorb the energy of the high pressure

field and in a hot point, the plasma cavity (bubble)

collapses with high velocity (at pressure 10exp11–10exp18 N/m2). During

the cavitation of the plasma cavity (bubble), the energy is generated,

for example, in the form of nuclear fusion.

The energy is released from a hot point in time due to the emission (radiation).

The barrier material generates a wide spectrum of electromagnetic

radiation. A hot point is also a source of high-energy ions (energy

of an individual ion ≥100 MeV). Simultaneously a hot point is a

source of high pressure. Expansion of a hot point is impeded by

inertia of the barrier material inwhich microexplosion occurs."

[pg. 280]

But ...

Lutz Jaitner 2020 update

LENR and condensed plasmoids

Significant opus.

acknowledgement to lenrcanr and others..

No claims of Life by condensed plasmoid or EVOnkenstein...

http://condensed-plasmoids.com/condensed_plasmoids_lenr.pdf

Section 1.3 summarily describes practical suggestions for condensed plasmoid (CP) formation; partial excerpt below.

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There are two known ways of producing CPs with high reproducibility: Electrical discharges and cavitation. Both phenomena involve the creation of plasmoids, which then condense to a CP.

Cavitation forms plasmoids, when the reentrant jet of collapsing bubbles hits materials at supersonic speed. During the impact matter is ionized and electrons are stripped from atoms, leaving cations. The electrons tend to decelerate quicker than the created cations, leading to a strong current through plasma, i.e. a plasmoid is forming.

However, not all plasmoids will readily condense. For example, an electric arc (driven by DC or AC current) is often too hot and the ionized channel is often too wide for the condensation to take place. The continuing current is heating the plasmoid by resistive losses in the plasma, which negatively affects the ability of the plasmoid to condense.

In order of a z-pinched plasmoid to condense, several conditions are instrumental:

• The current pulse should be very short, i.e. less than a microsecond in duration.
• The current needs to be strong enough, i.e. more than several hundred amps.
• Elements with large Z should be present in the plasma channel, because they increase both Bremsstrahlung and Xray line radiation as a cooling mechanism during the condensation phase
• The plasmoid should be cooled, i.e. by running the discharge along a dielectric surface or under water.
• Dense matter should be available, which can rapidly feed the forming plasmoid. Typically either the cathode, or the surrounding gas or the dielectric surface will supply the matter that forms the plasmoid.
• A magnetic field in parallel to the electric field will steer the electrons in the right direction If the above conditions suffice, the plasmoid will condense. The condensation is promoted by the radial pressure of the magnetic field.

If the above conditions suffice, the plasmoid will condense. The condensation is promoted by the radial pressure of the magnetic field.

[...]

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In 1974, the young Belarusian scientist Sergei Usherenko experimentally discovered the effect of superdeep penetration of finely dispersed solid microparticles with a diameter of 1-1000 μm into solid metal barriers (targets) with an anomalous energy release times greater than the kinetic energy of the particle at the time of its Impact on the obstacle with a speed of about 1 km / s. The energy effect was estimated from the energy of burning a microparticle of a threadlike channel in the thickness of the target. The length of the threadlike channel in the steel reached up to 200 mm and even more.

It could be supersolidity effect analogous to penetration of metals with bazooka weapon or during explosive forming of metal plates. Highly compressed electrons (or atoms at larger scale) overlap their repulsive forces in such a way, they become superfluous. High pressure shock wave just liquefies material along its path, so that particle passes through it "freely". I believe HT superconductivity (so-called ultraconductors in particular) works in this way. Of course the release of nuclear energy in this way cannot be excluded - after all even shaped charge explosions often release gammas and neutrons.

Regarding the plasmoids and my low-dimensional collisions theory of LENR, IMO artifacts observed are merely byproduct of LENR rather than active component of it. For example Unified Gravity process runs with 60% yield of proton collisions and no plasmoids were observed during it. Main postulates of my theory is: 1) atoms must collide along straight line 2) there must be three or more atoms involved during collisions at the same moment.

Now try to imagine, what will happen with electron orbitals, when two lines of atoms collide: the atom nuclei which are farther from center of collisions will abruptly stop, but their orbitals have inertia and they'll get literally shaken of atom nuclei so that their electrons will continue in motion further like small clouds or vortex rings of plasma propagating along axis of collisions. These plasma vortices are formed with charged electrons, so that they will be magnetic and this magnetic field would stabilize and collapse vortex ring into a vortex pinch.

it sounds too good to be true, more so from an unknown company ?

Rossi behind ?