Szczecin Clean HME presentations 9/2020

Quote from RobertBryant

"What's happening inside the Ni/Cu foil?

http://www.broadbit.net/download/J_Kasagi.mp4

Just a wild guess: galvani potential between Nickel and Copper may form a strong electromagnetic field at the contact surface when there is a very thin isolating (oxide) layer in between. This potential/field is missing when only Nickel is used.

The galvani potential between Nickel and Copper is 0.58V (ambiant temp).

The galvani potential between Ni and Pd is even higher.

Maybe this is why Mizuno is having the same or bigger effects (U20 reactor). If galvani potential is playing a role, this may require a thin oxide layer between the Nickel mesh and the rubbed Palladium (!).

I wonder how the galvani potential is influenced when both Nickel and Copper layers contain absorbed Hydrogen (or even UDH).

Curbina extra photons come frOm an electronic capture not the fashion religion UDH

Quote from Curbina

Galvani Potential requires an electrolite to cause electron flow and thus a current, it might as well be that the H adsorption enables that current as the H2 acts as en electrolite of sorts, or perhaps even a "third metal" if it gets to the UD state. Anyway, the current flow would also create a magnetic field. That still doesn't tell where the extra photons come, but the magnetic field and the electron flow are already known to be LENR triggers, so perhaps your thought of the Galvani Potential is in right track Rob Woudenberg .

I was more thinking in the direction of very local (hydrogen) plasma (as an alternative of electrolite) causing electron (and proton) flow.

UDH is in fact metallic Hydrogen, so may indeed also give unknown Galvanic Potential effects.

Photons may be the result of triggered (decomposing) UDH.

Quote from RobertBryant

Maybe the thermoelectric effect is thermomagnetic?

since 2013 the electric potential btw dissimilar metal layers due to delta T has been thought to have a magnetic component

https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/20/12/912/pdf

A magnetic contribution to the Seebeck coefficient is identified, proportional to the logarithmic
derivative of the magnetization with respect to temperature. A brief review of experimental data
on magneto-thermopower in magnetic metals illustrates this magnetic effect on thermally-driven
charge transport.

How would this relate to the difference between their experiments with Ni only foil and Ni/Cu layered foils?

I fail to see the correlation with the paper you referred to.

Galvani Potential is quite a different effect.
To know whether this has an effect it would be important to know how Kasagi and colleagues have produced the multilayer Ni/Cu foil.

When this is done in normal air the formation of ultra thin oxide layers is likely. Even 'clean' Nickel and Copper will oxidize within minutes.

When this is done in an isolated enviroment where Oxygen is absent Galvani Potential effect can be excluded.

robert bryant Thanks for those details. Very thorough work by them, so I agree that oxides should probably be excluded.

They seemed to have used a dual (or multi) target sputtering unit indeed.

Interesting detail is that they have an even better multilayer option that does contain CaO.

The CaO layer is however used to separate layers of same metals:

With those details we can safely exit the idea that Galvani Potential plays a role in my view.

This is from Iwamura team your picture.

If you have a look more closely you will see that CaO stage is releasing 2X less XSH.

Quote from Rob Woudenberg

robert bryant Thanks for those details. Very thorough work by them, so I agree that oxides should probably be excluded.

They seemed to have used a dual (or multi) target sputtering unit indeed.

Interesting detail is that they have an even better multilayer option that does contain CaO.

The CaO layer is however used to separate layers of same metals:

With those details we can safely exit the idea that Galvani Potential plays a role in my view.

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Quote from Cydonia

This is from Iwamura team your picture.

If you have a look more closely you will see that CaO stage is releasing 2X less XSH.

Kasagi is co-author.
I didn't say better means more excess energy. In this case better is indicated as higher excess power capacity (EX power (W)).