The Exotic Vacuum Object (EVO) as the cause of the vacuum reaction.

    No blablabla needed....


    Quote from CoherentMembrane

    I did some additional research into EUV light.


    It is absorbed by pretty much all matter, except certain layered materials which may be called meta-materials. Even these layered materials used in EUV lithographic systems are poor reflectors. Also, lithographic EUV must be done in a vacuum to prevent the EUV from heating or ionizing that atmosphere.


    In simplest terms, the EUV spectrum is very energetic, can ionize almost any gas, and can heat both atmosphere and solid materials. In the SAFIRE reactor, Monty has mentioned how there is an instant thermal response because the EUV hits the walls of the chamber and is converted into heat before heat from the plasma can travel to the walls via convection. Obviously, some of the energy is absorbed by the atmosphere, but so much is produced some percentage can travel multiple feet, at least in the low pressure region in the SAFIRE reactor.

    Quote from Alan Smith

    The combined electrical and thermal output is 100% - there is no other place for it to go.

    The 100% figure is the maximum possible output, but the fuel cell system can only produce a fraction of the maximum energy content. This is called thermal efficiency of the system.


    Thermal efficiency - Wikipedia
    en.wikipedia.org


    In thermodynamics, the thermal efficiency is a dimensionless performance measure of a device that uses thermal energy, such as an internal combustion engine, steam turbine, steam engine, boiler, furnace, refrigerator, ACs etc.


    For a heat engine, thermal efficiency is the ratio of the net work output to the heat input; in the case of a heat pump, thermal efficiency (known as the coefficient of performance) is the ratio of net heat output (for heating), or the net heat removed (for cooling) to the energy input (external work). The efficiency of a heat engine is fractional as the output is always less than the input while the COP of a heat pump is more than 1. These values are further restricted by the Carnot theorem.

    External Content www.youtube.com
    Content embedded from external sources will not be displayed without your consent.
    Through the activation of external content, you agree that personal data may be transferred to third party platforms. We have provided more information on this in our privacy policy.


    See up until 2:17


    This old and venerable ideas in physics is that superconductivity is a major force in the operation of the universe. If we can tap into superconductivity, then we can use this key to unlock the riches of the universe. IMHO, LENR is one of those priceless gems.

    An article on vacuum decay. False vacuum decay is the ultimate cause of transmutation.


    How the Physics of Nothing Underlies Everything
    The key to understanding the origin and fate of the universe may be a more complete understanding of the vacuum.
    nautil.us


    See this post for my take on the cause of transmutation.


    Post
    RE: The Exotic Vacuum Object (EVO) as the cause of the vacuum reaction.
    An Explanation of what produces transmutation
    Particle physicists have an issue with our universe, it is not natural. This wildly unnatural universe is at the bottom of our cold fusion experience. The improbable existence of our universe is what makes cold fusion possible. Our reality is setting on the knife's edge of existence. A minimal increase of the Higgs field will push the universe into disaster. Our universe is within a hair's breadth from destruction.

    Naturalness…
    axil

    External Content www.youtube.com
    Content embedded from external sources will not be displayed without your consent.
    Through the activation of external content, you agree that personal data may be transferred to third party platforms. We have provided more information on this in our privacy policy.


    Comments on the Eyely device video at 6:00 in.


    As we understand more about the LENR reaction, the more mysteries about the reaction seem to emerge.


    In the Egely device, the release of energy is observed to occur immediately after the termination of the High Dv/Dt spark. This discharge continues for about 3 microseconds (6 (500 ns) scope scale). The duration of this discharge exceeds that of the duration of the rise of the Dv/Dt spark by about a microsecond. The discharge (aka EVO end of life) begins within some 10s of nanoseconds after the termination of the input spark.


    The EVO must form at some point during the 2 ms rise in the input spark but most likely at the peak of the spark. The output discharge must ride on top of the back of the rise of the next input rise. This output discharge must be strictly an electron based energy release process that must be caused by the release of energetic electrons that have been produced by the termination of the EVO.


    The number of output electrons must be near equal in number to the number of input electrons that are producing the rise in the next activation spark. This would provide a power gain of about 2.


    The addition of high energy output electrons would add to the sharpness of the input spark trigger


    The production of output electrons is a gradual process that goes on throughout the 3 ms rise time of the output. Egely's assertion of a fusion reaction is not supported by this gradual rise in output electron energy production.


    One possible cause of the gradual release of energy from the reaction is the random termination of a large population of EVOs over time. For example, 10,000 EVOs might terminate over multiple microseconds with each supplying a unit of energy production. Such output energy behavior was seen in the demo of the Rossi's QuarkX reactor where spikes of high voltage appeared at random on the scope of its output during the output phase of the QuarkX's reaction. The spikes in the Eyely output is compatible with the production of energy over the entire 3 microsecond energy output period. The reason why the spikes of high energy electron output was seen on the scope of the QuarkX output is because the input of a 100K radio frequency sine wave was pumping the EVO output at the time of EVO population termination.


    The RF pumping in the QuarkX system may be why the energy produced by the QuarkX output EVO population is so much greater than the Egely system is.


    If a fusion reaction was at play, the electrons would show signs of heat buildup over time on the electrodes. There would be shock damage observed on the surface of the electrodes. However, Egely states that very little heat is produced by the reaction. The power increase shows up at the anode as power gain which is strictly an electron oriented phenomena.

    I have also had a revelation. The LENR reaction is always accompanied by charge separation. The double layer formations in SAFIRE is an example of such charge separation. The cause of charge separation is the meissner effect that accompanies superconductivity.


    https://en.wikipedia.org/wi...


    The meissner effect pushes way all magnetic fields away from a superconductive process. This anti magnetic force is more powerful than the coulomb force. The superconductive cooper pairs of protons within the superconductor exerts the anti magnetic force to expel electrons from within the superconductor.

    Whenever there is charge separation, superconductivity is involved. Rossi saw charge separation in his SK reactor plasma. This means that All LENR plasmas are likely superconductive.

    92-Full.pdf Nuclear metamorphosis in mercury


    Polaritons can form in many way. The count of polaritons types is now exceeding 70 and counting. Electrons are a promiscuous sort and will combine with many kinds of bosons.


    Here is a recent list of polariton types compiled by Columbia


    Polariton Panorama To Publish – ***
    Visit the post for more.
    infrared.cni.columbia.edu


    A more descriptive reference describes these polariton types based on the matter excitation that the electrons combines with are described as follows:


    Polariton panorama
    In this brief review, we summarize and elaborate on some of the nomenclature of polaritonic phenomena and systems as they appear in the literature on quantum…
    www.degruyter.com


    In the Cardone Al Sonotrode in Hg experiment called "Nuclear metamorphosis in mercury", the most likely type of polariton involved is the electron/phonon pairing or phonon polariton.


    I searched through the degruyter reference above and there were 101 references to phonons in the descriptions of the various types of polaritons formed with phonons.


    Phonons are produced by lattice vibrations in a solid or in mercury. A sonic energy source would produce phonons in the mercury thus forming a polariton condensate inside the body of the mercury.


    By the way, a phonon black hole was produced where hawking radiation was detected. This is called a sonic black hole. In more detail, physicists are interested in them because they have many properties similar to astrophysical black holes and, in particular, emit a phononic version of Hawking radiation. It is my suspicion that Bose condensation of phonon polaritons are an actor in this black hole process.


    See Sonic_black_hole

    Sonic black hole - Wikipedia

    The LENR reaction is ubiquitous throughout nature in just about any situation imaginable. And yet it is characterized by the same unexplained behavior. How can this process be so different yet so utterly the same? To explain this behavior a transformation must be occurring where many differing reaction modalities funnel down into one basic interface that acts at the fundamental level. How can this be happening?


    There must be a hundred polariton types currently discovered. More types a found every day. But what is common about all of them is that they all are coherent and superconductive.


    When a given polariton condensate establishes, a transition in its type must occur where the superconductor mode of polariton condensation takes over. It is this mode that supports the transmutation and energy production process weather the reaction occurs in water, plasma, dust, micro or nano particles, inside a solid metal, in a vacuum, or inside a living organism.

    My tentative understanding is that EVOs, especially in their highly excited white state, continually produce energy - not only when their double layers collapse and the fall apart. However, there is a huge surge of output when they are destroyed. So the choice becomes whether to design a system that constantly creates and destroys them OR a system that utilizes a steady state EVO.

    I think the problem with pulsed systems is that when you launch an EVO from a negative cathode that the electrode will be damaged. Kenneth Shoulders witnessed this with his devices. In my opinion, it's probably better to build systems with a free floating EVO that continually produces energy in multiple forms. Obviously, one form is heat because when the EUV from an excited plasma ball hits the walls of the reactor, the ultraviolet light will be thermalized. However, these systems also produce electricity directly in the form of plasma oscillations that can seen on an oscilloscope. I also think there may be a way of pulsing a free floating plasma ball so that it is not destroyed but is destabilized slightly and releases some of it's stored power.

    Quote from CoherentMembrane

    My tentative understanding is that EVOs, especially in their highly excited white state, continually produce energy - not only when their double layers collapse and the fall apart. However, there is a huge surge of output when they are destroyed. So the choice becomes whether to design a system that constantly creates and destroys them OR a system that utilizes a steady state EVO.

    There was already a link in the topic you created, referring to which it will become clear how to do this. Isn't it time to create a team to test this theoretical scheme experimentally?

    Good luck because it's a delicate job, find funds, experienced people in the same place who will go on the same path 8)

    More comfortable to remain a simple blogger :saint:

    Quote from bayak

    There was already a link in the topic you created, referring to which it will become clear how to do this. Isn't it time to create a team to test this theoretical scheme experimentally?

Subscribe to our newsletter

It's sent once a month, you can unsubscribe at anytime!

View archive of previous newsletters

* indicates required

Your email address will be used to send you email newsletters only. See our Privacy Policy for more information.

Our Partners

Supporting researchers for over 20 years
Want to Advertise or Sponsor LENR Forum?
CLICK HERE to contact us.