Quote from Drgenek

Maybe. How would a boson condensation be explained in electrostatics?

It is simpler to see gravity as a type of magnetism. A matter-antimatter pair in orbit of an electron is held in orbit by relativity which in this case is magnetism. How Special Relativity Makes Magnets Work - YouTube

Constrain: the matter-antimatter pair can't annihilate because they possess too little mass to allow the development of the electromagnetic fields which allow the conversion to light.

An equation of the form E=n²(energy value) is the root of electronuclear gravity. Where n is a quantum number. See Ed Storms Amazing results data fitting - Physics - LENR Forum (lenr-forum.com) I interpret it as a boson condensation.

Display More

While magnetism is related to special relativity - in fact it is another way of looking at the electric field - so really we have Lorentz-invariant electromagnetic field, this has no theoretical or experimental connection with GR.

Electronuclear gravity: no comment from me until I see something possible written down.

Quote from Drgenek

So the question should be when you look at Ed Storms Amazing results data fitting - Physics - LENR Forum (lenr-forum.com) is the derivation of electronuclear gravity supported by the data?

No.

On the otehr hand, it is very fair to say that it is not contradicted by the data.

For example: 2 + 2 = 4 and this also does not contradict any consistent theory of electronuclear gravity.

[it would be tempting to guess that it is inconsistent, in which case technically you could say that 2 + 2 = 4 contradicts it]

Ed Storms' relationship is interesting, but it could have many explanations.

Quote from Drgenek

It is simpler to see gravity as a type of magnetism. A matter-antimatter pair in orbit of an electron is held in orbit by relativity which in this case is magnetism.

In fact we can explain all particle properties by EM mass relations. The "simple" exact solution for the gravity constant is described in SO(4) physics. Almost all in the universe can be explained by this including the MOND problem...

An LENR FAQ, for skeptics or otherwise, would be useful. I would propose this as the first question:

1. Has any company or individual publicly demonstrated a working reactor which generates more heat than can be explained by "standard" accepted physics? When, where, and have the results been independently replicated?

For the second question:

2. What experiments have shown apparent transmutation that cannot be explained by "standard" accepted physics? Have they been replicated? When and where?

For the third question:

3. In terms accessible to someone educated with a degree in a field other than physics, what are the basic hypotheses involved in the three most popular theories of how excess energy and/or nuclear byproducts are generated in condensed state reactors?

2 (if claimed replication).

(a) What replication do the replicators have for integrity?

(b) What expertise do the replicators have in details of the system they used to measure performance?

(c) is the measurement setup tested by the replicators identical to that tested by the company - or did replicators use independent methodology for calorimetry etc

(a) - of interest to skeptics remembering Rossi

(b) - of interest to skeptics remembering Rossi

(c) - of interest to anyone evaluating replication - if the system is the same (even if rebuilt independently to same specs - methodological errors can be replicated.

4. What is the hypothesis for how nuclear reactions can take place without measurable high energy particles? Does this hypothesis explain all LENR experiments without such measurements, or only some of them?

As a skeptic, I am interested in 4. because I can see various mechanisms for getting round coulomb barrier which look half-plausible. The other half of the mystery (if LENR is real) has always looked to me more difficult.

Rob . Tom Grimshaw (as you probably know) is actively creating an archive of cold fusion documents and digital information. He is generally responsive to emails on the topic too.

If you missed it, here's his ICCF-24 presentation on the creation of the archive.

Alan Smith @TomGrimshaw

On it's 100th anniversary, in 2002, ECS adopted a new tagline and also changed it's position on solid state 'cold fusion'... Nuclear and atomic energy accessed through electrochemical means.

What "new announcements emerged" in 2002? A member of ECS might find the committee responsible for the Martin Fleischmann entry changes made in this important Society document.

I'd love to interview them now, a decade later. What caused them to change their minds?

These are the skeptics worth listening to. Not the folks from the International Flat Earth Society Cold Fusion Division.

2002 (new tagline)

ECS - “The society for solid-state and electrochemical science and technology”.

Quote from Alan Smith

Tom Grimshaw (as you probably know) is actively creating an archive of cold fusion documents

Quote

1989

When Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons announced “Cold Fusion” on March 23, 1989, a special evening session was quickly scheduled to the upcoming spring meeting in Los Angeles. By the evening of May 8, the session featured talks by the principals, supporters, and critics. The criticisms were devastating and...

2002

...cold fusion was to fade from the scene until 2002, when new announcements would emerge

Display More

Quote 2002

The Society maintains its alertness in recognizing and encouraging the incorporation of new areas into the Division/Group structure, and the resulting meetings grow larger, proceedings volumes more prolific, both offering a broader range of technical content.

All together, ECS continues to be that “forum” for electrochemical and solid-state science and technology that C. J. Reed envisioned over one hundred years ago.

The Society officially adopted the use of the acronym -

ECS - and an official Tagline:. “the society for solid-state and electrochemical science and technology”.

- end quotes

Reference

THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY: THE FIRST HUNDRED YEARS, 1902 - 2002

Mary Yess

The Electrochemical Society, Inc.

Pennington, NJ 08534-2839, USA

The Electrochemical Society (ECS) has a birthplace of historic distinction – Philadelphia – the home of Benjamin Franklin (and his famous kite) and the birthplace of the United States. The Society originally was called the American Electrochemical Society, but, like the nation, it had its roots in distant lands. ECS was like the nation in other respects. It was a melting pot; in this case, a melting pot of scientific and technological disciplines, and of their adherents, who came from countries from Australia to Mexico to Russia and points in between.

The following photo essay is a distillation of the Society’s history – the usual dates, names, and significant markers, but also some amusing anecdotes and intriguing photographs. We hope you will enjoy this quick look at a society that has made its mark on the world of electrochemistry and solid-state science and technology.

Source

The Electrochemical Society is a learned society based in the United States that supports scientific inquiry in the field of electrochemistry and solid-state science and related technology.

Article

Electrochemistry Encyclopedia -- The Electrochemical Society: the First Hundred Years

Your connection to this site is secure

Acknowledgements

This article was reproduced from The Electrochemical Society Interface (Vol. 11, No. 1, Spring 2002) with permission of The Electrochemical Society, Inc. and the author.

The article was prepared by Mary Yess, Interface’s Managing Editor, based on the ECS centennial history book:

The Electrochemical Society 1902-2002: A Centennial History, F.A. Trumbore and D.R. Turner, The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ, 2002.

All photographs, unless otherwise noted, are from the ECS archives at ECS Headquarters and at the Chemical Heritage Foundation in Philadelphia.

Photos of Paul Heroult, Charles M. Hall, and Herbert Dow are provided courtesy of the Williams Haynes Portrait Collection, Chemical Heritage Foundation Image Archives, Othmer Library of Chemical History, Philadelphia, PA.

The image of the Manufacturers' Club came from the 1914 “Yearbook of the Twentieth Annual Architectural Exhibition,” which was held by the Philadelphia Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, and the T-Square Club. Image courtesy of The Athenaeum of Philadelphia.

Photo of Willis Whitney courtesy of the Williams Haynes Portrait Collection, Chemical Heritage Foundation Image Archives, Othmer Library of Chemical History, Philadelphia, PA.

Photo of Gordon Moore © 1996 Louis F. Bachrach.

Related articles

Jaroslav Heyrovsky and polarography

Pillars of modern electrochemistry

Walther Nernst: physicist and chemist

Julius Tafel - his life and science

Volta and the "Pile"

Bibliography

• Many original journal articles written by the above listed famous electrochemists are available on the WWW at a listing of historical publications in electrochemistry.
• The Electrochemical Society 1902-2002: A Centennial History, F.A. Trumbore and D.R. Turner, The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ, 2002.
• A history of The Electrochemical Society, R.M. Burns and E.G. Enck (editors), The Electrochemical Society, Princeton, NJ 1977.

It's hard to keep up with electrochemical science.

A list of all the Divisions at ECS lends insight into CMNS and it's related arts.

Quote from Gregory Byron Goble

Many original journal articles written by the above listed famous electrochemists are available on the WWW at a listing of historical publications in electrochemistry.

Sadly- the link seems to be dead.

Quote from Alan Smith

Sadly- the link seems to be dead.

Thanks Here's the link. I fixed it above.

Electrochemical Science and Technology Information Resource (ESTIR) - Historic papers

Thanks Greg - can you download any of the papers?

Yes

"With a network of over 8,000 scientists and engineers, the ECS is invaluable for enriching my scientific and professional career. Being part of the ECS is like having a (very) large scientific family; members are eager to help each other out both scientifically as well as professionally."

-Sébastien Moitzheim, 4th year graduate student at KU Leuven, imec, ECS Student Chapter Belgium, member since 2014

Toward 3D Thin-Film Batteries: Optimal Current-Collector Design and Scalable Fabrication of TiO 2 Thin-Film Electrodes

February 2019ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

DOI:10.1021/acsaem.8b01905

Authors:

Sébastien Moitzheim

Delft IMP

Joan Elisabeth Balder

R. Ritasalo

Picosun Oy

Satu E

Source

ResearchGate is a European commercial social networking site for scientists and researchers to share papers, ask and answer questions, and find collaborators.

·

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331051005_Toward_3D_Thin-Film_Batteries_Optimal_Current-Collector_Design_and_Scalable_Fabrication_of_TiO_2_Thin-Film_Electrodes

·

Your connection to this site is secure

Solid Skeptics of Pons and Fleischmann's Cold Fusion papers should write a formal critique and submit it for peer review and publication at an APS Cold Fusion session.

Only then will your critique be taken seriously as a scholarly work. Only then will your viewpoint be critiqued properly and defended properly. Scientifically speaking... Of course!

FACTS for studious skeptics.

CMNS is mainstream science now.

Papers accepted at APS, and many places elsewhere, are rigorously peer-reviewed.

The American Physical Society Division of Condensed Matter Physics DCMP recognizes Condensed Matter Nuclear Science and sponsors Cold Fusion sessions at APS conventions. Papers accepted are peer reviewed. Other Arts of CMP are considered essential for advanced interdisciplinary research of CMNS.

Also

The folks at DCMP understand the science of nano physics and language of contemporary cold fusion's many proposed theories. They also understand that almost all theories are works in progress.

Lastly

I hope all Cold Fusion researchers join the APS DCMP group. Perhaps the ICCF committee would consider an organizational membership as well. I'd like to see our presence at APS to grow... Exponentially

Home - Unit - DCMP - APS Engage - American Physical Society

Today the DCMP is the largest of all APS divisions. Condensed Matter Physics concentrates on such topics as superconductivity, semi-conductors, magnetism, ...

Source

The American Physical Society is a not-for-profit membership organization of professionals in physics and related disciplines, comprising nearly fifty divisions, sections, and other units. Its mission is the advancement and diffusion of knowledge of physics.

Join APS - DCMP

Home - Unit - DCMP

Your connection to this site is secure

Quote

Division of Condensed Matter Physics

Originally called the Division of Solid State Physics (DSSP), the unit was formed in 1947, the third society division. (The Division of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics was established in 1943, and the Division of High Polymer Physics was formed in 1944.) In 1978 the DSSP was renamed the Division of Condensed Matter Physics to recognize that disciplines covered in the division included liquids (quantum fluids) as well as solids. Today the DCMP is the largest of all APS divisions.

Condensed Matter Physics concentrates on such topics as superconductivity, semi-conductors, magnetism, complex fluids, and thin films. A broad range of physical problems, both applied and basic, are investigated. - end quotes

2007 APS March Meeting

Volume 52, Number 1

Monday–Friday, March 5–9, 2007; Denver, Colorado

Session B31: Cold Fusion II

11:15 AM–1:15 PM, Monday, March 5, 2007

Colorado Convention Center Room: 401

Sponsoring Unit: DCMP

Chair: Edmund Storms

Abstract ID: BAPS.2007.MAR.B31.3

Abstract: B31.00003 : Maruhn-Greiner Maximum for Confirmation of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) via a Compound Nucleus with Double Magic Numbers

11:39 AM–11:51 AM

Preview Abstract    Abstract

Authors:

Heinrich Hora

(Department of Theoretical Physics, University of New. South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia)

George Miley

(Dept. Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, Univ. Illinois Champaign-Urbana, Urbana, IL 61801)

One of the most convincing facts about LENR due to deuterons (ds) or protons of very high concentration in host metals of palladium is the measurement of the large scale minimum in the reaction probability with product elements centered around the nucleon number A = 153. The local maximum was measured\footnote{J. Maruhn et al, Phys. Rev. Letters 32, 548 (1974)} in this region is similar to fission of uranium at A = 119 where the local maximum follows the Maruhn-Greiner mechanism1. We suggest this phenomenon can be explained by the strong screening of the Maxwellian ds on the degenerate rigid electron background within the swimming electrons at the metal surface or thin filem interfaces. The deuterons behave like neutrals at distances of above 2 picometers (pm) and form clusters due to soft attraction in the range of thermal energy; 10 pm diameter clusters can react over long time scales (106 s) with Pd leading to double magic number compound nuclei 306x126 \footnote{] H. Hora, G.H. Miley, CzechJ. Phys. 48, 1111 (1998)} decaying via fission to an A=153 element distribution.

To cite this abstract, use the following reference: http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2007.MAR.B31.3

Heinrich Hora

Academic career and achievements

As foundation professor of theoretical physics at the University of New South Wales from 1975 and emeritus from 1992 he established the Department of Theoretical Physics, where a number of students received the university medal, with a record level of publications and where he supervised most of his 25 PhD students. Guest and adjunct professorships include ones at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, the universities of Rochester, Bern, Iowa, Giessen, Tokyo, Regensburg, Osaka, Western Sydney and the Weizmann Institute. For seven years he was active in industrial research at Zeiss, IBM, Westinghouse and Siemens. He also was involved with research for 12 years at the Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics in Garching near Munich, Germany and for one year as attache remun. at CERN (Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire, or European Council for Nuclear Research) in Geneva, Switzerland.

He consulted Rainer Erler [de] to the laser movie "Der Verräter" in the TV series "Das Blaue Palais". His taped lecture course at CERN (1991) about laser acceleration of particles contributed to Gerard Mourou's PeV particle acceleration.

His discoveries include the volume mechanism for photo-electric emission, sub-threshold defect generation by electron beams for producing semiconductor junctions with application in solar cells. Prof. Hora's first publication about growth of diamond crystals by physical vapour deposition became an IBM patent in 1964. His first general formula for nuclear energy gain at laser compression and thermal ignition of fusion led to his subsequent discovery of volume ignition (later confirmed by John Archibald Wheeler as "Wheeler modes"). Against established knowledge, he discovered electron acceleration in vacuum by lasers based on nonlinearity.[2] His derivation of the nonlinear (ponderomotive) forces of laser-plasma interaction including dielectric effects in the Maxwellian stress tensor led to the prediction of ultrahigh acceleration of plasma blocks[3] being confirmed experimentally by Sauerbrey[4] with application to a new laser fusion energy scheme as block ignition of uncompressed fuel[5] resulting in a possible nuclear energy production with less radioactivity than burning coal.[6][7] He discovered the general mechanism of ponderomotive and relativistic self-focusing. His theory for crossing electron and laser beams within media (Schwarz-Hora effect)[8][9] led to the discovery of the correspondence principle of electromagnetic interaction and following Nathan Rosen to nonlocality and quantum entangling. Based on the importance of including usually neglected very tiny quantities as the longitudinal field components of laser beams led to the formulation of the nonlinearity principle showing how nonlinear physics is changing from wrong linear physics into correct understanding.[10][11]

Hora initiated advanced schemes of laser driven fusion energy and became Director of the foundation of SAFE (Society to Advance Fusion Energy) with the president Luella LaMeer Slaner from the traditional billionaires North of Manhattan and George H. Miley as executive director, to push through a law for spending $20 billion for nuclear fusion research finally signed by President Jimmy Carter in 1980.[12] This led finally to the scheme of laser pulses of 30 kilojoule energy to produce gigajoule energy from the clean reaction of uncompressed proton-boron fuel[13] resulting in less radioactivity than burning coal.

By 2017 he and associated startup HB11 had committed to hydrogen-boron fusion and in February 2020 announced patents on the technique using a petawatt laser.[14]

Issue 73

May/June 2007

Infinite Energy Magazine

Cold Fusion Debate Reignited During March Meeting Madness

Issue 73 Cold Fusion Debate Reignited During March Meeting Madness

Scott Chubb

In my IE #72 editorial, “March Madness and March Meeting Madness,” I suggested that history would be made on March 5, 2007. It was. The setting was the 2007 March Meeting of the American Physical Society (APS) in Denver, Colorado, during the largest gathering of physicists in the world. Although the actual session appeared to be low-key, later I found out it wasn’t; truly great excitement occurred because during two consecutive sessions (Cold Fusion I and Cold Fusion II), held in Room 401 of the Colorado Convention Center, there were four talks that show the two big bugaboos no longer exist that have supposedly kept physicists from believing in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (CMNS): 1) Not being able to reproduce the excess heat effect on demand (which is now possible), and 2) The lack of high energy particles and radiation (both phenomena can be created, now, on demand).

LENR FAQ for Studious Skeptics

The ECS changed their opinion of cold fusion in 2002. Here is a list of peer reviewed papers on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science published in ECS journals.

I'd like to see more of our researchers submitting papers for publication at ECS.

THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY

Quote

When Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons announced “Cold Fusion” on March 23, 1989, a special evening session was quickly scheduled to the upcoming spring meeting in Los Angeles. By the evening of May 8, the session featured talks by the principals, supporters, and critics. The criticisms were devastating and cold fusion was to fade from the scene until 2002, when new announcements would emerge. endquotes

Detection of Charged Particles Emitted by Electrolytically Induced Cold Nuclear Fusion

Ryoichi Taniguchi, Takao Yamamoto and Setsuko Irie

1989 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 28 L2021   https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.28.L2021

Cold Fusion: Still trying

David Voss

1989 Phys. World 2 6   https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/2/11/4

A Possible Mechanism for Bulk Cold Fusion in Transition Metals Hydrides

C. Petrillo and F. Sacchetti

1989 EPL 10 15   https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/10/1/003

Cold Fusion: Sales pitching on the Hill

David Voss

1989 Phys. World 2 5   https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/2/6/3

Effect of Electronic Screening on Cold-Nuclear-Fusion Rates

B. Delley

1989 EPL 10 347   https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/10/4/011

Cold Nuclear Fusion Induced by Controlled Out-Diffusion of Deuterons in Palladium

Eiichi Yamaguchi and Takashi Nishioka

1990 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 29 L666   https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.29.L666

Remarks on the Possibility of Cold Fusion

Wang Rong

1990 Commun. Theor. Phys. 13 549   https://doi.org/10.1088/0253-6102/13/4/549

Cold fusion

Vladimir A Tsarev

1990 Sov. Phys. Usp. 33 881   https://doi.org/10.1070/PU1990v033n11ABEH002654

Cold Fusion: Dramatic developments at the birthplace

David Voss

1990 Phys. World 3 8   https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/3/7/7

Fusion reactions during low energy deuterium implantation into titanium

J. Roth, R. Behrisch, W. Möller and W. Ottenberger

1990 Nucl. Fusion 30 441   https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/30/3/006

Abstract

In the search for ‘cold fusion’ reactions in solids loaded with deuterium atoms at high concentration, ion implantation has been used as a means to reach the required high deuterium concentration in the lattice. In the present investigations, 300 eV to 6 keV D+ ions were injected into 3 μm thick titanium foils at room temperature and at 140 K. The protons from the D(d,p)T reaction were monitored using a solid state detector with a large solid angle, both during and after implantation. After implantation of deuterium in the titanium foil up to saturation, i.e. with about 1.8 deuterium atoms per titanium atom at room temperature, the possible fusion reaction rate at equilibrium was determined over a period of 65 h. The measured count rate was within the limits of the natural background, and an upper limit of 1 × 10−23 per deuterium pair per second was established. During implantation of deuterium at energies between 3 and 6 keV, the count rate is dominated by reactions of the incident energetic deuterons with deuterons already implanted in the foil. The D-D reaction cross-sections, evaluated at 140 K, follow closely those obtained by extrapolation of the Gamow function to low energies. During implantation of 300 eV D+ ions, no counts from the D(d,p)T reactions were monitored, showing that even under extreme conditions of non-equilibrium the possible ‘cold fusion’ reaction rate is smaller than the background count rate.

The Estimation of the Difference Between d(d, n)3He and d(d, p)T Cross Sections in the Cold Fusion

Jing-Shang Zhang

1991 Commun. Theor. Phys. 16 439   https://doi.org/10.1088/0253-6102/16/4/439

Review of cold fusion

D R Morrison

1991 Sov. Phys. Usp. 34 1055   https://doi.org/10.1070/PU1991v034n12ABEH002520

Cold fusion: muon-catalysed fusion

H E Rafelski, D Harley, G R Shin and J Rafelski

1991 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 24 1469   https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/24/7/006

'Cold fusion': formation of molecules in interstellar plasmas

D Smith

1992 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 34 1817   https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/34/13/010

Abstract

A brief overview is presented of the ionic reactions that occur in interstellar gas clouds which lead to the production of the complex molecules determined in those regions. It is shown that the interstellar clouds are weakly ionized plasmas and that the chemistry is largely plasma chemistry involving sequences of ion-molecule reactions producing polyatomic ions which then undergo dissociative recombination with electrons resulting in the observed complex neutral molecules. Whilst many normal biomolecular reactions are involved, another class of reactions, radiative association or 'cold fusion' reactions, are also very important in the overall chemistry. These 'cold fusion' reaction are biomolecular association reactions of ions with molecules followed by emission of radiation which stabilizes the coalesced ion against decomposition back to the reactants. They uniquely occur in the low density, low temperature plasma which are the interstellar clouds, and are very involved in the synthesis of interstellar molecules.

Application of a Ge Detector to Search for Fast Neutrons from DD Fusion in Deuterized Pd

Eunjoo Choi, Hiroyasu Ejiri Hiroyasu Ejiri and Hideaki Ohsumi Hideaki Ohsumi

1993 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32 3964   https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.32.3964

The Effect of Phonon-Induced Hopping Enhancement and Exact Theory of Cold Fusion

Fu-Sui Liu and Wan-Fang Chen

1995 Commun. Theor. Phys. 23 241   https://doi.org/10.1088/0253-6102/23/2/241

Anomalous Heat Evolution of Deuteron-Implanted Al upon Electron Bombardment

Kohji Kamada1, Hiroshi Kinoshita2 and Heishitiro Takahashi2

1996 Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Volume 35, Number 2R

ShieldSquare Captcha

Study on Physical Basis of Cold Fusion

Li Jia-quan, Shen Li-ru, Li Guo-sheng and Li Jiong

2002 Plasma Sci. Technol. 4 1585   https://doi.org/10.1088/1009-0630/4/6/013

Effects of Isospin Equilibrium on Cold Fusion of Superheavy Nuclei

Liu Zu-Hua and Bao Jing-Dong

2005 Chinese Phys. Lett. 22 3044   https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307X/22/12/016

Entrance Channel Dependence of Production Cross Sections of Superheavy Nuclei in Cold Fusion Reactions

Feng Zhao-Qing, Jin Gen-Ming, Fu Fen, Zhang Feng-Shou, Jia Fei, Huang Xi, Hu Rong-Jiang, Li Wen-Fei and Li Jun-Qing

2005 Chinese Phys. Lett. 22 846   https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307X/22/4/019

New Approach to Cold Nuclear Transmutation Theory

Mikio Fukuhara

2007 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46 3035   https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.46.3035

Abstract

The cold transmutation observed on the surfaces of Sr- or Cs-doped Pd/(CaO + Pd)Pd complexes is interpreted to be a result of virtual 48X particle addition by the confinement of four interstitial solute deuterons jumping from four tetragonal sites to octahedral sites along [111] directions in a Pd/CaO lattice and electrostatic attraction due to the charge transfer in the chains of atoms; i.e., an alternating tetrahedral–octahedral site array with the aid of the electron–phonon charge-density wave coupling and electropionic attraction effects due to the capture of excited electrons from Pd and Ca by vacuum pumping: 3888Sr + 412D + 8e* →4296Mo and 55133Cs + 412D + 8e* →59141Pr. The deuterons are a source of supply for reparation for mass balance in the transmutation. The roles of CaO are dissolution of Sr and Cs and the creation of a good route for deuteron rushing.

Measurement of anomalous nuclear reaction in deuterium-loaded metal

Jiang Song-Sheng, Li Jing-Huai, Wang Jian-Qing, He Ming, Wu Shao-Yong, Zhang Hong-Tao, Yao Shun-He and Zhao Yong-Gang

2009 Chinese Phys. B 18 1428   https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/18/4/024

Advances in proposed D-Cluster inertial confinement fusion target

George H Miley, Xiaoling Yang, Hora Heinrich, Kirk Flippo, Sandrine Gaillard, Dustin Offermann and D Cort Gautier

2010 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244 032036   https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032036

Abstract

Our recent research has developed a technique for imbedding ultra high density deuterium "clusters" (D cluster) in Palladium (Pd) thin film. Experiments have shown that in Pd these condensed matter state clusters approach metallic conditions, exhibiting super conducting properties. This deuterium cluster is achieved through electrochemically loading-unloading deuterium into a thin metal film, such as Palladium (Pd). During the loading process, Palladium lattice expands significantly due to invasion of deuterium into the interstitial sites. With the large enough stress, some linear lattice imperfections, called dislocations, form at / transformation interface. These dislocation defects form a strong potential trap causing deuterium to condense. In the present study, a new method employing nano-structuring of the Pd is proposed to significantly improve the site density over the target volume, suggesting that a sizable region of the compressed target deuterium can reach densities an order of magnitude higher than possible with prior target designs. This improved cluster packing fraction will enable a significant increase of the fusion reaction burn density, hence the target burn-up efficiency.

Variable mass theories in relativistic quantum mechanics as an explanation for anomalous low energy nuclear phenomena

Mark Davidson

2015 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 615 012016   https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/615/1/012016

Helium-3 Generation from the Interaction of Deuterium Plasma inside a Hydrogenated Lattice: Red Fusion

Edbertho Leal-Quiros and David A Leal-Escalante

2015 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 591 012039   https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/591/1/012039

Understanding Sonoluminescence

CHAPTER 9

Conclusion

Thomas Brennan

Published December 2016 • Copyright © 2016 Morgan & Claypool Publishers

Abstract

Sonoluminescence, LENR and the Fleischmann–Pons effect, sonofusion, the nuclear explosions of cold atomic clusters and Rydberg matter, cold fog explosions and atmospheric lightning all share the same underlying mechanism: the discharge of an excited cold condensate. In the case of sonoluminescence, the discharge of the condensate only releases light, but in all of the other phenomena, there is sufficient energy concentrated in the condensate to provide the activation energy for a secondary nuclear reaction that releases even more energy.

Download complete PDF book, the ePub book or the Kindle book

Study of DD-reaction yields from the Pd/PdO:Dx and the Ti/TiO2:Dx heterostructure at low energies using the HELIS setup

A V Bagulya, O D Dalkarov, M A Negodaev, A S Rusetskii and A P Chubenko

2015 Phys. Scr. 90 074051   https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/90/7/074051

Study of Cold Fusion Reactions Using Collective Clusterization Approach

Gurjit Kaur, Kirandeep Sandhu and Manoj K. Sharma

2017 Commun. Theor. Phys. 68 505   https://doi.org/10.1088/0253-6102/68/4/505

Ultradense protium p(0) and deuterium D(0) and their relation to ordinary Rydberg matter: a review

Leif Holmlid and Sindre Zeiner-Gundersen

2019 Phys. Scr. 94 075005   https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ab1276

Theoretical Study and calculation The cold Reaction Rate of Deuteron Fusion In Nickel Metal Using Bose–Einstein Condensate Theory

Aeshah Ali Hussein, Hadi J M Al-agealy and Raad Hameed Majeed

2020 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 871 012085   https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/871/1/012085

Possible heat production in some Ni-H and Ni-D systems, revised

N M Evstigneev, A V Ikonnikov, S V Makeev, O I Ryabkov and V V Skliznev

2021 J. Phys. Commun. 5 105021   https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-6528/ac29ee

Energy from Nuclear Fusion

CHAPTER 6

Other approaches to fusion

Richard A Dunlap

Published September 2021 • Copyright © IOP Publishing Ltd 2021

Abstract

The present chapter tries to cover those experiments in nuclear fusion that are scientifically interesting or are historically significant, as well are those that show some possibility of producing useful energy and those that have been most effective in attracting the interest of the general public.

Download complete PDF book, the ePub book or the Kindle book

Quote from ECS 2002

The criticisms were devastating and cold fusion was to fade from the scene until 2002, when new announcements would emerge

I wasn't following cold fusion in 2002 and I'm not a member of the Electrochemical Society. Perhaps someone here could tell me what new announcements emerged in 2002 to cause them to become believers? I've also been wondering why Pons and Fleischmann were playing around with maximum loading of palladium. Other Studious Skeptics likely wonder also. I've found these papers by Fleischmann from 2002 and 2003.

A friend told me he thinks they were Martin's last two papers, not sure though.

Food for thought for those interested in the field of CMNS and Condensed Matter Physics.

Fleischmann, Martin (2002). "Searching for the consequences of many-body effects in condensed phase systems". Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press. ISBN 7-302-06489-X.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmansearchingf.pdf

Fleischmann, Martin

Cambridge, MA: World Scientific Publishing. ISBN 978-9812565648

This paper was presented at the 10th International Conference on Cold Fusion. It may be different from the version published by World Scientific, Inc (2003) in the official Proceedings of the conference.

ABSTRACT

Some of the background work which led to the decision to investigate the behaviour of D+ electrochemically compressed into Pd host lattices is outlined.The key features of such “Cold Fusion” systems are described.

1. BACKGROUND TO THE RESEARCH ON COLD FUSION

It appears to me that most scientists have the impression that my colleague Stanley Pons and I decided one day in late 1983 to go into the laboratory and to carry out the experiment best described by the statement,

“Gee-whiz, let’s go in the lab and charge some Pd cathodes with D+ and see what happens”.

It is, of course, perfectly true that this is what happened. However, the conclusion that this was an isolated example is incorrect as has been realised by a relatively small number of research workers (among whom I would number pre-eminently the late Giuliano Preparata and his colleague Emilio Del Giudice).

In fact, the decision to investigate the Pd/D system was preceded by a long period during which I asked the question:

“is it possible to develop electrochemical experiments which demonstrate the need to interpret the behaviour of condensed matter in terms of the Q.E.D.paradigm?”

The second paper of interest, 2003

"Background to Cold Fusion: the Genesis of a Concept" M. Fleischmann

Bury Lodge, Duck Street, Tisbury, Salisbury, Wilts., SP3 6LJ, U.K.

Source LENR CAN

https://www.lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanbackground.pdf

Quote

The scheme of research which led to the start-up of the project now known as “Cold Fusion” is illustrated by Fig. 1.

We note that it is commonly believed that there is absolutely no way of influencing

Nuclear Processes by Chemical means:

therefore, any results that demonstrate

that this might be possible must be due to faulty experimentation, delusion, fraud etc.

However, any enquiry as to the experimental foundation of the first statement in Fig. 1 is normally met by

the response:

“because quantum mechanics, Q.M., shows that this is so”.

We are driven to the conclusion that this first statement is just part of the belief-system of Natural Scientists and we naturally also have to ask the question;

“what conclusion would we draw if we subject the statement to the dictates of Field Theory?”

In the 1960’s we started a series of research projects aimed at answering the Question;

“can we find illustrations in Chemistry (especially Electrochemistry) of the need to invoke the Q.E.D. paradigm to explain the results obtained?” -endquotes