Alan Smith Admin-Experimenter
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Posts by Alan Smith

    That is the mistake many make. Confusing "the universe" with "part of the universe". Indeed parts can go from less ordered to more ordered. If you consider isolated gravitational collapse generally the apparent order increase is driven by potential energy converted into heat, and so the overall entropy still increases.


    Mistake? Who said anything about a mistake? It was merely a comment upon a statistical anomaly to which we owe our very existence..

    And not a surprise, becase 2LoT is really just saying that the universe goes from more ordered to less ordered states, which is probabilistically so likely as to be effectively certain.


    Not in a straight-line though Planet Earth is an example of a large (though finite) system going from a less ordered cloud of dust to this very orderly thing we stand upon. It can't last though.

    1. I notice that some of the system appears to have a heater blanket, but some of the small diameter tubing does not. Assuming that you plan to bake out the system, does this unheated tubing make a difference?


    2. The small diameter tube will really slow down the evacuation rate in the molecular flow region. The conductance varies as the cube of the tube diameter, so attaining a high vacuum at the far end may take some time.


    3. How good a vacuum do you intend on achieving after bakeout? I ask this question in part because I'm constructing a similar setup.


    4. Once D2 is introduced it will be difficult to remove. T/M pumps have a hard time pumping light gasses due to the high velocity of the molecules compared to the rotor tangential velocity. Do you intend to achieve a high vacuum only to guarantee that the chamber is contaminant free and then assume that D2 in some quantity will always remain?


    1. The small tubes can be heated for bakeout purposes with a blowtorch or hot-air gun so not really a problem

    2. You are quite right - pumping this system right down can take 24 hours. But that's ok -we can wait for it. Also there are three vacuum pumps- 2 stage pump on the reactor end (on the right) and a 2 stage roughing pump and turbo on the Mass Spec on the left.

    3. We have been as low as 10-8 mB. That's plenty low enough.

    4. We hope to keep D2 out of the Mass Spec by using a cryo-trap- not shown here. This is designed to stop D2 getting into the MS because it's hard to discriminate between D2 and He - and we are on the hunt for helium.

    From the latest patent application posted by Ahlfors from Norront AS it would seem that the authors could still be using something similar to the K/Fe2O3 catalysts used by Holmlid, but these are just a possible way to obtain Rydberg matter/UDH by thermal emission, and other materials will work as well as Holmlid himself points out. In principle any catalytic surface that efficiently dissociates hydrogen molecules and prevents the atoms from recombining to the molecular form as long as possible should work. A combination of a metallic catalyst and a non-metallic support in close proximity where hydrogen atoms can accumulate should be suitable too.


    They are certainly running a screening programme looking for other potential UDD catalysts under the guidance of Holmlid and other senior team members.

    The fusion business is rather a red herring in this case. It is (until now) not generally known but the system produces electricity. I have no idea at what COP, but it is certainly what has captured the interest of researchers at Nprront.

    One way to think about this is that SM provides a unified and extremely successful model for all known particle physics - with the exception of dark energy and matter that seem necessary from cosmological considerations but are not (currently) relevant to particle physics.


    So it works for 5% of the apparent matter in the universe. That's alright then.;) You overlook that fact that we all agree the SM and QM are useful engineering models, but so is Newtonian mechanics. It just isn't perfect.

    The 'green stuff' at room temperature is maybe the KFeO2 catalyst which is olive-greenish?


    But a solid - AFAIK Holmlid never mentioned a colour for the liquid, that was the USA guys who contacted me, and that was what was in their video. The amount of state and university support plus private finance Norront Fusion are getting suggests they have captured the interest of a great many very smart people, as well as the 14 team members.

    I doubt his imaginative but changeable interpretations (UDD, UDH, etc, etc).


    Deuterium is a hydrogen isotope. The terms are often used interchangeably in the literature. Also Homlid has not reported the need for cryo-temperatures at all, but works at ambient temperature.