In few words , what is the guiding line ?
The main guide line is the use of Occam's Razor as a fundamental epistemological tool.
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The trapped light ie towards an electromagnetic theory of elementary particles
gio06
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Posts by gio06
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Why Particle Physics is Stuck in a Dead End
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Didn't know they were in this field. Even ultra-dense hydrogen, huh?...
If you prefer, you could call it hydrino:
On the hydrino state of the relativistic hydrogen atom
see eq. 17 (r0 is the electron [charge] radius orbit)
r0 = ħ/m0c = 0.0039 Å
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So, maybe anyone here have any ideas to modify the fuel or smth, maybe conditions?...
This Airbus patent application suggests TiO2 as a preferred catalyst
"According to one embodiment of the device according to the invention, the catalyst coating has a granular and regular structure. Preferably, it is a titanium oxide."
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You might find this paper more approachable... http://commonsensescience.net/…icles/the_real_proton.pdf
This interesting paper is cited in the "Proton and Occam's razor" article:
"The advantages of a simple ring-shaped proton model were indeed pointed out by David L. Bergman in his paper "The Real Proton" [2]. This approach, while works well for muons, introduces unacceptably large errors if naively used for proton modeling. Firstly, the magnetic moment of such a simple model is equal to the nuclear magneton µN , while the experimental proton magnetic moment value is approximately 2.79 times larger. Secondly, as discussed in section 2.2, the proton's experimental radius value is 0.839 ± 0.007 fm, while the scaled positron model yields a 0.2103 fm Zitterbewegung radius."
Quo vadis, particle physics?
The particle zoo and the parallel to the Middle Ages
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The zitterbewegung interpretation of quantum mechanics is probably the best key to understand the structure of ultradense hydrogen
"This electron spin motion may be interpreted as a motion of the charge with orbit radius
rq = ħ/2me c = 0.192 pm and with the velocity of light c (‘zitterbewegung’)"
Spontaneous ejection of high-energy particles from ultra-dense deuterium D(0)
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. Anyway thanks for posting this and indicate that there is work previously that has inspired myself. I only just take it in little different direction and draw the conclusions of it. So no alien math is needed, just some basic human ingenuity and being able to draw strategical conclusions.
An optimal choice of the mathematical tools however greatly simplifies the interpretation of equations. In this paper on electron structure the real Clifford algebra Cl3,1 allows
"A geometric−electromagnetic interpretation of mass, relativistic mass, De Broglie wavelength, Proca, Klein−Gordon, Dirac and Aharonov−Bohm equations".
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The idea of Stevenson is supported by an old but still very interesting Ahern patent
"As an alternative to mechanical and metallurgical techniques for producing nanometric surface features, lithographic wet-etch techniques may be used. For example, referring to FIG. 4A, in a first lithographic process, a bare substrate 30 of a selected host lattice material, for example, nickel, is provided with a selected crystallographic orientation, for example, the 110 or 100 orientation. The 110 crystal faces are favored in the case of a nickel host lattice substrate because the 110 planes support the highest solubility of hydrogen isotopes of any crystallographic planes.
As shown in FIGS. 4B, 4C and 4D, photoresist 32 is spun on the substrate and exposed using a patterned
lithographic mask 34 having a selected pattern of sub-micron sized geometries. Preferably, the maximum pattern dimension, d, or "duty cycle" of repeated pattern is about 0.2 μm in length. Such nanoscale features require the use of thin, state of the art photoresists. The unexposed resist is then removed using standard techniques to produce a photoresist etch mask. As shown in FIGS. 4E and 4F, the underlying substrate is then anisotropically etched using an appropriate etch to produce grooves in the substrate surface having a depth, h, of less than about 1 μm. Grooves of a greater height are less preferable because they would allow the prismatic faces of grooves exceeding about 1 μm to reconstruct to a more harmonic, high atomic coordination state. After removing the resist etch mask using standard photoresist processing techniques, the substrate 30 is provided with a topology of steps 36 which all ideally exhibit sharp corners and straight walls."
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The cold fusion process gives H4 that decays into He4 gas. The energy and momentum are carried mostly by the emitted electrons.
Have you considered the hypothesis that He can be generated from a coherent pico-metric structure H4(0) of ultra-dense hydrogen?
Production of ultra-dense hydrogen H(0): A novel nuclear fuel
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Why the gap encourages this assembly process is unknown. We can imagine the very large negative field present in a small gap might play a role. Clearly, the gap size is important, which would determine the magnitude of the negative field and how the electrons might form a structure. We have to assume that electrons want to form such a structure and only need the correct environment. Why they want to form the structure is unknown and would be the focus of a theory."
The gap size may be critical for the formation of ultra-dense hydrogen and may be related to a resonant energy transfer
"An hypothetical very simple structure formed by a proton centered in the middle of the electron charge orbit would have a potential energy of −e2/re≈ −3.728 keV, corresponding to a photon wavelength of λφ≈3.325×10−10 m. This structure may be created only in presence of particular catalytic environments. A “resonant cavity” with dimensions comparable to λφ= 332.5pm [or its multiples] may facilitate the photon emission, acting as an “impedance matcher” with the external environment. Nickel has a lattice constant of 352.2pm, a value not very far from λφ, and each Ni lattice cell may act as a resonant cavity and as an “energy emission catalyzer” in presence of Rydberg State Hydrogen, atomic hydrogen or hydrogen plasma, in systems very far from equilibrium."
Electron Structure, Ultra-Dense Hydrogen and Low Energy Nuclear Reactions
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We have to assume that electrons want to form such a structure and only need the correct environment. Why they want to form the structure is unknown and would be the focus of a theory."
A person asked a very good question during a different discussion. Here is my answer. I would like to hear your comments.
Is there a common explanation for these structures and Prins experiments ?
"How is it possible that a structure consisting exclusively of electrons can be stable despite Coulomb repulsion? Prins recognizes the importance of this problem writing [9]: 'why does it remain stable when the power supply is switched off?' 'There must be some other mechanism. This mechanism should also explain why the electrons do not repeal each other and 'fly out of the gap' when switching off the applied potential.' "
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CaO may play also another role:
par. 7 of Electron Structure, Ultra-Dense Hydrogen and Low Energy Nuclear Reactions
"An interesting hypothesis could derive from considering the formation of ultra-dense deuterium(UDD) at the interface between calcium oxide and palladium, an area in which the high difference in the work function between Pd and CaO favors the formation of a layer with high electron density (Swimming Electron Layer or SEL)[23]. The ultra-dense deuterium could subsequently migrate to the area where the atoms to transmute are present.Therefore, aggregates of neutral charged ultra-dense deuterium would be, according to this hypothesis, the probable responsible for the transmutation of Cs into Pr and Sr into Mo. It is possible that strontium oxide, with its very low work function, substitutes the calcium oxide role in Celani’s experiments [24]."
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NY Times
"New Room-Temperature Superconductor Offers Tantalizing Possibilities"
"The breakthrough could one day transform technologies that use electric energy, but it comes from a team facing doubts after a retracted paper on superconductors."
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/08/science/room-temperature-superconductor-ranga-dias.html
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You're spot on!
These thoughts troubled me as well, here's how I explained it to myself:
"As far as I understand there is no dielectric surface in Egely's device." --> There is 0.5bar of H2 gas and/or water vapor. Water has one of the highest dielectric constants out there (asymmetry of molecule).
"Ken Shoulders' texts show diagrams where there is that component also." --> yes, but it's not mandatory for the formation of CPs, it helps fuel the CP?
"And where is the magnetic field in Egely's device ? The discharge current creates of course magnetic field but as far as I understand it's perpendicular instead of parallel to the plasmoid."
--> I think Egely's "deceptively simple looking" device has some tricks up it's sleeve. Here is what I think happens (disclaimer - nobody reviewed it, it might be very very wrong):
1. In the relaxation oscillator circuit you charge up capacitor C1, and inadvertently charge up capacitor C2 - formed by 2 electrodes, distance d and low pressure gas as dielectric. Charges accumulate to electrode tip, electric field E builds up.
This kind of very fast capacitance discharges is also present in Correa devices
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All these discussions arise from the fact that in mainstream physics there is no clear relation between the concepts of mass, momentum, charge, magnetic momentum, magnetic flux and spin. These are considered primitive properties of an abstract pointshaped entity.
This confusion arises mainly from the serious mistake of not having recognized the fundamental role of the vector potential, relegating it to a mere calculation tool. Both the electron and the photon have a relativistic mass equal to their energy-frequency. Using natural units, the elementary electric charge is nothing more than a dimensionless constant (equal to the square root of the fine structure constant) which allows the electric potentials to be converted into momentum-energy vectors. -
Because it's a black EVO?
Yes, Prins experiment should be considered as a key for understanding Shoulders "Exotic Vacuum Objects".
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from Conduction state transition induced by solitons in a graphene junction at room temperature
"In the books 'The Physics Delusion - the urgent need to reinterpret modern physics -' and 'Superconductions at Room Temperature without Cooper Pairs', the author, Johan F Prins, describes an experiment where a superconducting bond made up exclusively of electrons is created at room temperature between two tiny diamond electrodes separated by a gap of many microns [7–9]. This kind of superconductivity obviously cannot be modeled by the widely accepted BCS theory of Cooper pairs. In the latest book [9], the author writes [pp. 304–305]: 'I was forced to conclude that the stable phase which forms between the two interfaces has to consist entirely of electrons. There is no other experimental explanation, and one must believe experimental evidence'. Surprisingly this bond is stable and does not disappear when there is no potential difference between the electrodes even when the potential is reversed. This behavior has also been observed in our experiment. This scenario rises however a key question: How is it possible that a structure consisting exclusively of electrons can be stable despite Coulomb repulsion?
Prins recognizes the importance of this problem writing [9]: 'why does it remain stable when the power supply is switched off?' 'There must be some other mechanism. This mechanism should also explain why the electrons do not repeal each other and 'fly out of the gap' when switching off the applied potential.' 'I have discovered this mechanism and found that it relates to the formation of a single macro-wave'."
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rather than any "hydrino"
my favorite monster in the SM bedtime story is the "antibottom"
A synonym for bottom-quark is beauty quark, so anti-bottom should be renamed as ugliness or inelegance quark!
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