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Mahadevan Srinivasan, C.R. Narayanaswamy
IntroductionIn light of the collective effort to investigate the validity of Paul Pantone’s GEET technology, I decided to meticulously transcribe a video I recorded in 2016 at ICCF-20 in Sendai, Japan which I uploaded to the MFMP YouTube channel many moons ago, as over the years, some people had said that his words were hard to discern on the video.
It was this presentation and Dr. George Egely’s posters, that encouraged me to meet with Dr. Egely to discuss Ball Lighting and record other interviews with him [Part 1|Part 2|Part 3], subsequent to which I did my first dusty fusion experiment in 2017 revealing the production of Crenelated Fe-rich microspheres and more.
Video transcript
That at the heart is a gigantic carbon arc furnace.
You have three electrodes, one foot diameter, 60 kilo-amps of current and about 150 volts, it sort of about several megawatts [12 MVA].
And right here, an arc is struck between the carbon rods and the floor of the hearth, which is also carbon but note that, the current used three phase AC, and therefore you have alternating magnetic field, oscillating, rotating - all kinds of thing - and a temperature of 2000 ºC.
So at the top, basically the raw materials he feeds is silicon dioxide - basically quartz - and charcoal, wood charcoal and since he is making ferro-silicon, he has a third place, where he puts his scrap iron.
The three of them are weighed in an exact quantities and put in there and this is a continuous, round the clock furnace which goes on for weeks together and at the bottom, he draws out ferro-silicon metal.
Now, the observation of relevance to us, is that during an 11 week long, nonstop run in 1995, he had, he was feeding silicon, 33 tons of silicon, now we are not talking about the production per day. 33 tons of silicon, fed in - in the form of silicon dioxide - which contains 15 tons of silicon, five tons of iron and one would expect 20 tons of ferro-silicon alloy of 75% silicon.
But the actual production of alloy, was 24 tons - daily, around the clock, for a period of 11 weeks and that was every day he was producing four tons of excess metal, literally out of thin air, that is to say - carbon and oxygen.
So he was very puzzled.
He knew nothing about cold fusion or anything. And eventually after talking to various people, he was asked to come and meet me and we became good friends and I immediately recognised that what is happening here is exactly what is happening in the carbon arc experiment, which is well known in the field.
And I am very happy to tell you that poster number five - today, at five, our Hungarian friend Egely - exactly has said he has done the same thing, he has taken carbon powder and he has put it on quartz, exactly like this and he has put it in a microwave oven and this is a gigantic furnace.
But, as I presented the same thing at the... in the China meeting, I was puzzled as to what happened to the energy - how can you have transmutation, without the release of energy?
And this was the puzzle which prevented me from even talking about this for the past 15 years. I was aware of it for 15 years - I didn't have the guts to come out in the open, because I know it’ll be shot down.
But, because Iwamura and other in this centre are very interested in transmutation, I decided, to submit it as a post deadline paper. And I’m thankful to Iwamura for giving me an opportunity to present this.
But then having come here, I have learned something new that I need not worry about the missing excess energy. And there are several people in this group, who have persuaded me, that there are many paths possible where you can have simultaneously exothermic and endothermic nuclear reaction, which can sort of cancel the exess heat. So Dr. Szumski, just spoke about it and there have been others so more on the poster, thankyou.
Associated paper
Quote
Observation of Anomalous Production of Si and Fe in an Arc Furnace Driven Ferro Silicon Smelting Plant at levels of Tons per day.C.R. Narayanaswamy The Silcal Metallurgic Ltd., Coimbatore 641004, Tamil Nadu, IndiaAbstractIn the period 1978–2002, The Silcal Metallurgic Ltd., a Coimbatore (India) based company, was engaged in the production of ferro silicon alloy deploying a 12 MVA “Submerged Carbon Arc” powered smelter. During a 11-week long non-stop round the clock operation of the plant in 1995, daily feed of raw materials was: Quartz (33.4 ton), charcoal (with fixed carbon content of 13.2 ton) and scrap steel (5.1 ton) while the daily output production of Fe–Si alloy (73.5% Si) was 24.75 ton. From the total weights of Si and Fe in the input feed and assuming 100% recovery of the metals, the daily output alloy production could at best have been only 20.5 ton. However to our surprise throughout the 11-week period the total daily Fe–Si alloy (with 73.5% Si) output was consistently 24.75 ton, corresponding to a daily “anomalous” excess metal production of 4.25 ton of Fe–Si alloy. The only source of Si entering the smelter furnace was the quartz raw material and that of Fe was the scrap steel (except for minor additional amounts of Fe originating from the steel casing of the consumable Söderberg carbon electrodes). Very careful vigil of the weights of daily input feed of raw materials and output alloy drained out as also the electrical energy consumption was maintained. It was evident that roughly 20% more metal than could be accounted for from the input feed was being produced and consequently we have been obliged to come to the conclusion that anomalous quantities of Si (2.8 ton/day) and Fe (1.45 ton/day) were being synthesized during the smelting process. Discussions with researchers involved in the Cold Fusion/LENR field have suggested that a likely explanation for the anomalous metal production could be the occurrence of transmutation reactions between nuclei of C and the O stripped from the SiO2 during the chemical reduction process. It is speculated that the intense varying magnetic fields generated by the kilo-amp levels of alternating current (AC) driving the arcing between the three gigantic carbon electrodes and the carbonic hearth of the furnace, in the 2000ºC temperature environment, could have somehow catalyzed transmutation reactions to occur, very similar to the transmutations reported in laboratory scale “Carbon-Arc experiments” first revealed by George Oshawa in 1964. But the more puzzling aspect of our observations is that there was no evidence of release of the expected massive amounts of nuclear energy that should have accompanied the postulated transmutation reactions based on the atomic masses of the nuclei involved.
ImplicationsMy hypothesis is that coherent matter processes are responsible for the make up of the Earths crust and top of the list in elements is O and Si. Abundance of elements in the earths crust - note the rarity of carbon
In a process driven by coherent matter like in the case of Ball Lightning, Carbon and Oxygen can be fused to Silicon and Iron, as we observed in ULTR and VEGA experiments. George Ohsawa Cycle | 1994, R. Sundaresan and J.Bockris (Texas A&M) | Slide first presented at Stanford 25 Jan 2017
These metals are found combined with Oxygen and arranged as SiO2 on the outside of Fe-rich crenelated microsphere. These experiments concluded without observing the expected nuclear heat. Ball Lightning breakup on predominently Zinc Oxide showing the same key elements (Si, Ca, Fe) as observed in spectra of natural ball lightning
Iron / Oxygen crenelated micro sphere magnetic core of Ball Lightning
Most abundant element in sampled areas is Oxygen (most abundant element in crust) Aluminium, 3rd most abundant and Calcium 5th most abundant also found.
I postulate that the yield energy is lost in other forms to the far field or converted into other matter through electro-nuclear regeneration (Matsumoto) and/or collapse of the coherent matter into a new quanta of ordinary nuclei as appears to happen in Proton-21 experiments (Adamenko).
It is also likely that C, 4 H, 2e- and 2 cold anti-neutrinos may be fusing to O similarly. Thoughts
A process that fuses without all the nuclear energy easily released, might not be the what everyone might wish for, but it is in this sense, a lot safer! If we can use the GEET approach to make fuel out of any H, C, N and O matter with nothing but SiO2 and O2 as outputs, with very high levels of fuel burn, that in itself is a huge boost. People could easily pick or grow their own sugars and oil based fuels. Garden waste, such as leaf litter and grass clippings alongside excrement could be used to produce electricity.
Any slight gain from fusion left-overs or means to harvest otherwise inaccessible transmutation energy would be transformational.
In my view, if confirmed, the GEET continuous flow ‘fuel processing’ into a Ball Lightning-like structure, would be able to remediate vapour entrained radio nuclides rapidly.
It could be effectively configured as a continuous, controlled HHO production and burn device which would scale easily. Yielded power might be useable for pumping contaminated fluid to the reactor resulting in high technical efficiency.
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