One of the critical characteristics of the LENR reaction is provided by the feature that is deep into the quantum mechanical nature of the polariton, that is its nature to readily form a Bose Einstein condinsate at any temperature based on polariton density.

Density of polaritons is what makes a aggregation of polaritons form a condensate, and a condensate of polaritons is what allows the energy that the polaritons produce to be formatted as heat. Without a lot of polaritons around, most of the energy that they produce is wasted as sub atomic particle creation...mostly muons. But when a lot of polaritons are generated, a Bose condensate will form, and heat will be produced by that condensate,

Here is a video about Bose condensation of polaritons by the top guy in that subject that is not too hard to understand.

At 55:09 in the video, the two counter rotating rings of polaritons in a high angular momentum state was shown. This is a non equilibrium condensate. That means that it is non thermal. Non thermal means that the temperature of the condensate can be just about any temperature.i

We have seen evidence of this type soliton in the LION reactor meltdown.

When a LENR reactor is heated, this input of energy is pumping the polariton condensate. When the condensate forms, a large burst of Bremsstrahlung is generated and when the pumping stops, there is also Bremsstrahlung produced as the polariton codensate breaks up.

The Polariton condensate can pump itself, this is where self sustain mode comes from. When self pumping occurs, the condensate can moves around in space as a free particle and leave tracks on surfaces as the condensate transmutes matter as it moves along its way.

Quote from Seiber Troutman

Is nickel also needed in the entire compression mirror or can it be just the target plate at the base of the carbon mirror?

Nickel is commonly used in LENR reactors because it is the element that is most resistant to the transmutation effects of the LENR reaction. Carbon is a light atomic weight element and is highly likely to be transmuted by the LENR reaction.

Nickel also performs well as a generator of SPPs, especially in the infrared spectrum.

What is Chirality anyway?

Not many people know about this, but it is very important to science. One type of particle can pass on its chirality to other types of particles. This is why radiation is a chirality pump. A radioactive isotope will always produce left handed particles including photons. This ability to control particle chirality is important in organic chemistry and spintronics. By the way, Jo Papp was a very smart man. The reason why Papp ionized the noble gases in his fuel preparation process was because he wanted to change the chirality of the nuclei of the gases. When I reread his patent for fuel prep, it started to make sense when chiral particle polarization was understood.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_(physics)

There are many ways in which the LENR reaction can be generated. They are all based on chiral particle separation. The most pervasive method of chiral separation is the Surface Plasmon Polariton (SPP). The SPP is a double vortex of polaritons. The SPP is what is at the bottom of most LENR reactors. There is a new field of science called nanoplasmonics that deals with SPPs.

http://mafija.fmf.uni-lj.si/se…ehind_the_application.pdf

nanoplasmonics: the physics behind the applications

Surface plasmon polaritons are produced by Evanescent Waves on the surface of metals and other boundaries. The infrared EMF range are optimal for SPP production when nickel is used as the reflective substrate. Lasers are ineffective in producing the dipole motion necessary for the generation of SPPs because laser light is a plane wave.

Schematic representation of evanescent waves propagating along a metal-dielectric interface. The charge density oscillations, when associated with electromagnetic fields, are called surface plasmon-polariton waves. The exponential dependence of the electromagnetic field intensity on the distance away from the interface is shown on the right. These waves can be excited very efficiently with light in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evanescent_wave

In recent research, read how evanescent waves convert light into magnetism where dipole motion forms the basic power source for the LENR reaction.

http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1308/1308.0547.pdf

In LENR, Polaritons are just spin particles. Science sometimes gives this particles a new name: magnons.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnon

Polaritons form a soliton of two counter-rotating spin currents. One current contains right handed spins and the other left handed spins. The SPP produces chiral separation as a double spin vortex.

The proper science name for the SPP vortex is falaco solitons. The magnetic flux tube that connects the two counter rotating spin currents is a wormhole.

The amazing thing about the SPP is that it imbues it quantum mechanical nature onto the entity that it is symbiotic with.

The SPP can form on the surface of metal, on nano particles, on ultra dense hydride molecules of various types including HHO, on thin films, on the surface of a collapsing cavitation bubble, on noble gas molecules and clusters, on boundaries between materials, even in plasma...wherever the LENR reaction can be found, we will find the SPP there also. All these various systems will demonstrate, more or less, the same quantum mechanical behavior because of the SPP. All these various systems will produce the same LENR reaction because of the SPP.

Regarding Alan glow tube test...

THUNDER ENERGIES,  a company that uses DR. RUGGERO SANTILLI'S TECH to detect nuclear weapons in sealed containers uses a variant of Alan Smith's experiment.

http://www.thunder-energies.co…11-articles/19-article-10

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The hadronic reactors for the industrial synthesis of thermal neutrons from a hydrogen gas essentially include (TEC international patent pending):

1. A metal vessel filled up with a hydrogen gas at a pressure depending on the desired neutron CPS;

2. Electronic means for the remote control of the gap between a pair of tungsten electrodes located inside said metal vessel; and

3. A specially designed power unit delivering high voltage and high current rapid DC discharges in between said electrodes.

As shown in Figure 5, the DC arc ionizes the hydrogen atoms, thus creating a plasma of protons and electrons; the DC arc then aligns the proton and the electron along a magnetic field line with the appropriate spin and other couplings; an engineering means called triggers compress the electron inside the proton, by supplying the missing energy (which is about one million electron Volts, 1 MeV).

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Sometimes a theorist can save an experimenter a lot of work by avoiding duplicating existing technology.

Santilli thinks that neutrons can be formed out of a union of protons and neutrons. This is nonsense. What Santilli is producing are muons. the same particle that Alan is generating. The US government is using cosmic ray generated muons to detect nuclear material in shipping containers now.

Cosmic-Ray Muons Reveal Hidden Void in the Great Pyramid

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/n…oid-in-the-great-pyramid/

Muon Thomography are well known as a means to detect nuclear material

Innovations In Nuclear Detection: Muon Tomography

http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2012/ph241/khan1/

Quote from PhysicsForDummies

Axil, since you have a well established theory of how LENR works, can't you build a working device for others to replicate? I don't understand why you let people waste time trying to replicate LION when you already have it figured out. What was the highest COP you got on any of your devices?

I am not well suited to be an experimentalist. I know well that most experimentalist produce bad theory. This includes Rossi especially.

Regarding: "What was the highest COP you got on any of your devices"

LENR does not usually produce heat. Many of the experiments that people perform generate the LENR reaction, but not heat. People fail to looks for sub atomic particle production. This production is the true test for LENR.

As an example, MFMP produced the "signal". This gamma ray bust was a sure sign that LENR was active in that experiment.

Regarding post $81, continuing...

The diapads will adhere to the magnet because the substrate that the micro diamonds are affixed to is nickel, a magnetic material. The diamonds will be the highest conductive projections from the smooth surface of the magnet and will generate the most electrolysis.

Quote from Alan Smith

This is strange advice. Neo magnet material is not conductive, though the Nickel coating on the outside is. And if you want to deuterate something, you use it as a cathode, not an anode. Or did I miss something?

They say seeing is believing. Sorry, I had it backward. Oxygen will collect at the positively charged electrode (anode) and hydrogen will collect at the negatively charged electrode (cathode). So the magnet should be the cathode. The magnetic field of the magnet and the charge on the cathode should both induce the protons (Hydrogen ions) and the lithium ions to enter the diamond lattice.

Quote from r.hellenbrand

Lithium becomes tritium if it is hit by a neutron.

Tritium with deuterium in the most likely fusion reaction!

Ron

The LENR reaction is a weak force based reaction, a particle decay reaction that has nothing to do with fusion. The meson is the sub atomic particle usually generated by the LENR reaction, not neutrons. Sometimes fusion does occur as a secondary reaction produced by mesons/muons. Tritium is usually not a product of the LENR reaction.

Re the 'androcles' files above. I humbly suggest that a neodymium magnet be used as the anode of the electrolysis process. The head of the magnet should hold the diadisks. This configuration will greatly increase the current flow through the diadisks, generate ion formation on the diadisks, more readily draw the ions into the lattice of the diamonds, and may foster a cavitation effect on or near the diamonds that might increase the pressure on the diamonds.

Quote from Alan Smith

The experiments are all described sufficiently well for people to distinguish between them. We have done a pure LION-a-like run and reported on it (very little to tell in fact). The current experiment is called 'Androcles'. You may have heard of him, but it is pursuing a similar path, diapads and deuterium. Here's a picture of the current set-up. Ideas from Russ George and construction mainly by me. It shows the two 'large volume reactors, with the larger 'S' type thermocouples installed.

attached firmly to the S type inside the reactor are a fuel tube and also Russ's 'ohmic heater' - a little coil of kanthal wire attached to a regulated and accurately metered PSU - visible back RHS, each of the reactor main heating coils is run from a dedicated 36V psu. Here we are logging two tests- a single tube control, and a single tube 'androcles' test. Radiation, current, temperatures etc are all logged.

l

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Re the 'androcles' files above, it should be noted that these were not produced by the current version of LION fuel, but by baked diapads electrolytically loaded with deuterium in heavy water, and using lithium deuteroxide as an electrolyte. The silver wire anode was also attacked by the evolved oxygen and we suspect that the end result was the formation of silver deuteroxide which was also in the mix. I forgot to mention that the geiger tube was shielded with pure silver leaf, which is usually around 0.5 microns thick. Actually, this did not appear to make much difference to the count.

The use of lithium is a good idea. The pressure needed to compress lithium into the lattice of the diamond generating an ultra dense form is 1/4 of that required for hydrogen. Lithium use will increase the odds of producing viable LENR fuel by a lot and do it much faster.

Is it not the case that the two experiments that were run or now running are completely difference in terms of fuel? Any comparisons between these experiments are not warranted.

Quote from PhysicsForDummies

Axil, No, I don't really trust human visual perception of artifacts in images as scientific evidence. Working in the computer vision field, sometimes directly involving human perception, I know it is flawed. Add to it that the human psychological ability to find patterns in noise, particularly if it agrees with your desires, is well known. In fact I think you "retweeted" an article about that here which I posted on ECW originally. I still think I am open minded about physics. But is there any explanation or theory about what "strange" radiation might be? And more important can it be measured?Nobody seemed to answer those questions. That seems"strange" to me. Anyhow I am mainly interested in any evidence that LION has a LENR active device, but I haven't seen evidence of that yet.

http://www.bbc.com/future/bespoke/story/20150130-how-your-eyes-trick-your-mind/

you should see the evidence complied by Keith Fredericks on

http://restframe.com/mm/authors/keith-fredericks/

These tracks has been seen by dozens of experimenters including Keith Fredericks

post from another developer,Alain Samoun who has seen the same error

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Maybe a coincidence but at time 42507, what is usually though as a glitch, the TC jump suddenly to 3277 - Not a temperature measurement of course - But in two of my experiments with Ni wire I had the same "glitch" at about the same temperature when the system was cooling....

Here one set of data showing it: https://docs.google.com/spr...

It is well known that Rossi's original reactor designs produced ionizing radiation at shutdown.

Quote from nul-points

hi axil

as memory chips become smaller, to enable increased capacity (cf. Moore's 'Law'), i believe that they become ever more susceptible to corruption by some kind of radiation, whether local or space

i would expect the basic memory-state 'bit' to remain corrupted permanently until next written; however, if the the memory chip as a device, or the data-writing software, has been designed to include error-detection and correction then the effect could be temporary

i guess the self-correcting ability would only be economically viable in high-cost, or safety-critical, devices (so possibly not in standard lab-grade equipment?)

hth

[sr]

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https://news.vanderbilt.edu/20…sonal-electronic-devices/

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When cosmic rays traveling at fractions of the speed of light strike the Earth’s atmosphere they create cascades of secondary particles including energetic neutrons, muons, pions and alpha particles. Millions of these particles strike your body each second. Despite their numbers, this subatomic torrent is imperceptible and has no known harmful effects on living organisms. However, a fraction of these particles carry enough energy to interfere with the operation of microelectronic circuitry. When they interact with integrated circuits, they may alter individual bits of data stored in memory. This is called a single-event upset or SEU.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/…cle/pii/S0168900212010455

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The electronics used in the data readout and triggering system for the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) particle accelerator at CERN are exposed to high radiation levels. This radiation can cause permanent damage to the electronic circuitry, as well as temporary effects such as data corruption induced by Single Event Upsets.

Quote from Eric Walker

Note that x-rays will be stopped very easily if there is any kind of intervening material.

Can muon based ionization temporarily distort the contents of the memory that holds the binary integer that records temperature?

Quote from nul-points

hello Alan

magicsound , Alan Smith

re. the TC glitch (value 3277)

i believe this may be related to the maximum value of a 16-bit binary integer 1111 1111 1111 1111 base 2 = 32767 base 10 (using one of the bits as the sign)

if the value has been scaled as a fixed-point value to give 1 decimal place, say, and rounded to nearest integer, then 32767 would be interpreted as 3277

so this could just be the software trying to represent a data overflow as the max value of its range

...just an idea?

keep up the good work, gentlemen

[sr]

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Can ionizing radiation temporarily distortthe contents of the memory that holds the binary integer that records temperature?

bremsstrahlung marks the onset of superconductivity where the meissner effect forces out all EMF from the superconductor. The electrons reach the speed of light and interact with matter in the neighborhood to produce bremsstrahlung. When the LENR reactor ends, the meissner effect terminates and the electrons fall into the superconductor. Here again, the electrons reach the speed of light and interact with matter in the neighborhood during their in-fall into the superconductor to once again produce bremsstrahlung.

Heat is produced by hawking radiation coming from this superconductor (Bose condensate). The amount of pumping of heat into the Bose condensate produces heat coming out of the condensate. When the heat pumping is weak, heat output may not be detectable, but the ionizing radiation and sub atomic particles produced by the condensate will be.

Like the plasma tube experiment, if you cover your experiment with a thick layer of lead, you will see radiation increase due to muon catalyzed fission of lead. The thicker the lead the more fission that will occur.

The EVO form a Bose condensate and are entangled.

Quote from Alan Smith

Our own experiments with the LION 'look-alike' have followed a very similar path so far. We are also running another variant using electrolytically deuterated diapads. The only thing of interest in the latter test is a modest radiation peak (2-3x background) which seems to be coincident with cooling - we are cycling this between 300-600 - the peak looks to be coincident with the 310-340C region, but mostly on the way down rather than on the way up. Since we are not yet equipped for 'livestream' data display the proof of this will have to wait until the run stops and we pull the SD card from the logger.

Bremsstrahlung not only occurs when the LENR reaction begins but also when it ends. You may be seeing Bremsstrahlung when the LENR reaction is ending. Heat is not always generated by the LENR reaction. SO heat production is a bad indication to judge if LENR is active or not.

Weak LENR systems produce ionizing radiation and sub atomic particles. Heat may not be produced.