Posts by Lou Pagnucco

NUCLIDE TRANSMUTATION METHOD AND NUCLIDE TRANSMUTATION DEVICE - U.S. Patent Appl 20150030115 - January 29, 2015

ABSTRACT: A nuclide transmutation device and method which enable nuclide transmutation to be performed in a small-scale device compared with large-scale devices are disclosed. The device comprises a structure, and high and low deuterium concentration units are disposed on either side of the structure so as to sandwich the structure therebetween, wherein an electrolytic solution containing heavy water is supplied to the high deuterium concentration unit and is electrolyzed to generate deuterium, thereby producing a state of high deuterium concentration near the high deuterium concentration unit side surface and placing the low deuterium concentration unit in a state of low deuterium concentration relative to the high deuterium concentration unit, causing the deuterium to penetrate through the structure from the high deuterium concentration unit toward the low deuterium concentration unit, and subjecting a substance to nuclide transmutation by reaction with the deuterium.

http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220150030115%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20150030115&RS=DN/20150030115

Hello Neil,
First, I agree self-acceleration seems to violate conservation of energy.
However, energy is conserved while the momentum spectrum is squeezed into the high amplitude tails.
For example, one side of the momentum spectrum might evolve (forgive the crude graphics) like this,
+------ (Low momentum component)
+------
+------
+------ (High momentum component)
|
|
V
+-
+---
+------
+--------------
Energy and momentum are still conserved, just as their are in a light beam narrowly focused by a lens.
I am very reluctant to even try to calculate the de Broglie wavelength or screening effects -
the math is (for me, at least) intractable, and so many simplifications are required, that the results seem doubtful.
E.G., presumably huge magnetic fields are generated in the whiplashed region of the wave, but are left out.

A couple of postscripts -
Another similar paper is -
"Self accelerating electron Airy beams" - http://arxiv.org/abs/1205.2112
- illustrating that electron (and other particle) fields can self-focus to regions of high energy/momentum.
No energy is gained, though - analogous to how a magnifying glass focuses light energy.
I have no idea whether such effects can occur in bulk matter.

The following paper may indicate how unexpected self-accelerations could be related to LENR -
"Fusion reactions in plasmas as probe of the high-momentum tail of particle distributions"
http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0512066

ABSTRACT: In fusion reactions, the Coulomb barrier selects particles from the high-momentum part of the distribution. Therefore, small variations of the high-momentum tail of the velocity distribution can produce strong effects on fusion rates. In plasmas several potential mechanisms exist that can produce deviations from the standard Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Quantum broadening of the energy-momentum dispersion relation of the plasma quasi-particles modifies the high-momentum tail and could explain the fusion-rate enhancement observed in low-energy nuclear reaction experiments.

Pathoskeptic,
Your remark is ambiguous. No energy gain is claimed.
Particles with wave forms of equal mean energy can have very different dispersion of momentum spectra.
With certain waveform shapes, sparse high energy events could occur - even when mean energy is lower.

Barty,

I think this is not related to EmDrive since momentum is still conserved.
I believe the scientists are observing the high momentum tails of the particles' spectra - even particles with slow (or even stationary) wavefunction envelops can have high momentum components, e.g., inner shell electrons.
Their experiment might show that extreme momentum events (e.g., collisions) could occur in unexpected circumstances.

Some possibly related references --
"Tunneling of slow quantum packets through the high Coulomb barrier"
http://arxiv.org/abs/1402.3837
"Superkicks near optical vortices"
http://iopscience.iop.org/2040-8986/labtalk-article/55223
"Electro-Weak and Electro-Strong Views of Nuclear Transmutations" (slide 12)
vglobale.it/public/files/2013/Cirps-Widom.pdf

"New analysis shows a way to self-propel subatomic particles"

EXCERPT - ... physicists at MIT and Israel's Technion have found that subatomic particles can be induced to speed up all by themselves, almost to the speed of light, without the application of any external forces ... "The electron is gaining speed, getting faster and faster," Kaminer says. "It looks impossible. You don't expect physics to allow this to happen."

http://phys.org/news/2015-01-a…-subatomic-particles.html

Interesting, but I think, perhaps, it is a rediscovery.
Several papers have shown how highly oscillatory (but with slowly moving envelop) wavefunctions can attain high kinetic energy.
Also, phenomena like superoscillations, can cause "hot spots" and energy foci in fields.

Heinrich Hora (previously collaborated with George Miley) proposes a new, feasible approach to aneutronic fusion
"New option for solving the climatic problems with non-thermal laser driven boron fusion and ultrahigh magnetic fields"
http://arxiv.org/abs/1412.4190

Recent arxiv update - preprint proposes that exact solution of D+D 2-body wave function potential effectively has holes/"theads" that permit low velocity fusion
"Nuclear threads"
http://arxiv.org/abs/1312.6561

Newly issued USPTO patent proposing method of vacuum energy storage/extraction
"Virtual photon power converter" - USPTO# 8,913,366 - Issued December 16, 2014
http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-adv.htm&r=1&p=1&f=G&l=50&d=PTXT&S1=8,913,366.PN.&OS=pn/8,913,366&RS=PN/8,913,366

Just published --

JOURNAL OF CONDENSED MATTER NUCLEAR SCIENCE - Volume 14, October 2014
http://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol14.pdf

New paper --

"Questions About Lattice Enabled Nuclear Reactions: Mechanisms and Materials" - David J. Nagel

http://www.infinite-energy.com/images/pdfs/Nagel118.pdf

Will Lockheed's Compact Reactor also disrupt the fossil fuels and nuclear fission industries?

Here is the URL for their recently updated webpage -

http://www.lockheedmartin.com/…ducts/compact-fusion.html

United States Patent Application 20140332087 November 13, 2014
Inventors: Godes; Robert E.; (Berkeley, CA) ; Correia; David; (Fremont, CA) ; Gremban; Ronald D.; (Corta Madera, CA)
Assignee: Brillouin Energy Corp.
Filed: February 25, 2014

Control of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction Hydrides, and Autonomously Controlled Heat

ABSTRACT:
A treatment of a possibly powdered, sintered, or deposited lattice (e.g., nickel) for heat generating applications and a way to control low energy nuclear reactions ("LENR") hosted in the lattice by controlling hydride formation. The method of control and treatment involves the use of the reaction lattice, enclosed by an inert cover gas such as argon that carries hydrogen as the reactive gas in a non-flammable mixture. Hydrogen ions in the lattice are transmuted to neutrons as discussed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007/0206715 (Godes_2007)). Hydrogen moving through the lattice interacts with the newly formed neutrons generating an exothermic reaction.

http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220140332087%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20140332087&RS=DN/20140332087

United States Patent Application - 20140326711 - November 6, 2014

DEVICES AND METHODS FOR HEAT GENERATION

Abstract
A reactor device includes a sealed vessel defining an interior, a fuel material within the interior of the vessel, and a heating element proximal the vessel. The fuel material may be a solid including nickel and hydrogen. The sealed vessel may be sealed against gas ingress or egress and may contain no more than a trace amount of gaseous hydrogen. The sealed vessel is heated with an input amount of energy without ingress or egress of material into or out of the sealed vessel. An output amount of thermal energy exceeding the input amount of energy is received from the sealed vessel. The fuel material has a specific energy greater than that of any chemical reaction based energy source.

Inventors:Rossi; Andrea; (Miami Beach, FL)
Applicant: Industrial Heat, Inc. Raleigh NC US
Assignee: LEONARDO CORPORATION, Miami Beach FL
Filed: April 26, 2014

http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-adv.html&r=1&p=1&f=G&l=50&d=PG01&S1=20140326711.PGNR.&OS=DN/20140326711&RS=DN/20140326711

Two new videos on ---
-- low cost conventional fusion from Fusion Energy Solutions
"Velocity Impact Fusion & Deluze Fusion Reactors; How They Work"

-- aneutronic fusion project at Lawrenceville Plasma Physics
"Fusion Energy Might We Finally Achieve It "

Electron Capture in a Fully Ionized Plasma -- http://arxiv.org/abs/1409.5344

ABSTRACT:
Properties of fully ionized water plasmas are discussed including plasma charge density oscillations and the screening of the Coulomb law especially in the dilute classical Debye regime. A kinetic model with two charged particle scattering events determines the transition rate per unit time for electron capture by a nucleus with the resulting nuclear transmutations. Two corrections to the recent Maiani et.al. calculations are made: (i) The Debye screening length is only employed within its proper domain of validity. (ii) The WKB approximation employed by Maiani in the long De Broglie wave length limit is evidently invalid. We replace this incorrect approximation with mathematically rigorous Calogero inequalities in order to discuss the scattering wave functions. Having made these corrections, we find a verification for our previous results based on condensed matter electro-weak quantum field theory for nuclear transmutations in chemical batteries.

Localised energy concentration -- WO 2014135881 A1 - Publication date: Sep 12, 2014 - Filing date: Mar 6, 2014
ABSTRACT
A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises creating a shockwave (16) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (4) so as to be incident upon a boundary (10) between the non-gaseous medium (4) and a gaseous medium (6) formed by at least one hole (8) in a barrier (2) separating the non-gaseous medium (4) from a gaseous medium (6). This forms a transverse jet on the other side of the hole (8) which is incident upon a target surface (12) comprising a depression (14) which is spaced from the barrier (2) in the gaseous medium (6). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy is also provided.

http://www.google.com/patents/WO2014135881A1?cl=en
Also see companion: http://www.google.com/patents/WO2014135880A1?cl=en

Patent Applicant is intellectual property office of Oxford University
http://www.isis-innovation.com/
http://www.isis-innovation.com…out/Isis_Presentation.pdf

An additional video has been posted by FUSION ENERGY SOLUTIONS OF HAWAII (Sept 13)
"How Fusion Will Change the World: Velocity Impact Fusion & Deluze Fusion Reactors; How They Work "

The fusion reaction is described as aneutronic and scalable down to automotive size.

If accurate, it matches claimed LENR advantages. Website: fusionenergysolutions.net/

Patent and proposal for low cost hot fusion device similar to Farnsworth Fusor, but driven by AC field to overcome Fusor limitations -
FUSION ENERGY SOLUTIONS OF HAWAII -- Website:

http://www.fusionenergysolutions.net/

Promotional Video -
A Quest For Fusion: The Last Major Game Changer: The Light Bulb

I am not sure which LENR results are accurate, or which theory is correct, but Widom points out in his presentation -
Electro-Weak and Electro-Strong Views of Nuclear Transmutations
http://vglobale.it/public/files/2013/Cirps-Widom.pdf
- in slide #12 that slow electron wave functions can possess very high mass-energy spectra, i.e., the energy is due to very highly oscillatory wave-packet phase within a slowly moving envelope, derived from a very high vector potential (A(x)) collectively generated by intense currents, or large collisions of charges. Relativistic speeds are not required.

Other writers point out other circumstances (using simple QM) where fusion could occur without high velocities, e.g.,
Tunneling of slow quantum packets through the high Coulomb barrier - http://arxiv.org/abs/1402.3837
Understanding Branly's effect through Induced Tunnelling - http://arxiv.org/abs/1312.7464
- to mention just two such papers.

In "A Student’s Guide to Cold Fusion", on p. 29, Storms states - "Particles are known to store energy as increased mass if enough energy is added to accelerate them near to the speed of light. Traveling at this speed in a lattice well populated with many electrons and nuclei would seem implausible " which is true, but not what W-L, or Brillouin propose.

Also, regarding how collective effects could create a very "lossy" environment for ejected particles, look at Figs 1-5 in -
Anatomy of a quantum ‘bounce’ - http://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0307010v1.pdf
- to see that during energetic collisions, particles' momenta spectra become strongly peaked at high values, and would absorb more energy/momentum than when stationary. Calculating such effects in plasmas is probably prohibitively complex.

It's too early to hold strong beliefs.

Lattice Energy LLC-Game changing LENRs - What are they and amazing things they could enable - Aug 6 2014
http://www.slideshare.net/lewi…y-could-enable-aug-6-2014

A general overview of W-L theory and potential industrial applications.

Interesting that both W-L and Black Light Power theories propose that reactions can occur in intense current arcs, but with differing explanations.

Nuclear hybridization - B. Ivlev http://arxiv.org/abs/1312.6561

Abstract: The internal structure of deuterons weakly influences a motion of their center of mass (translational motion) when the separation between deuterons is much larger than the nuclear radius. The scenario can be different when the wave function of two deuterons has a formal singularity along the line connecting them. The singularity is smeared out within the core of the deuteron radius around this line and the state becomes physical. Inside the core translational and internal nuclear coordinates (responsible for binding energy) are equally fast and become hybridized resulting in the increase of the binding energy in that region. This reduces the Coulomb barrier and allows fusion of deuterons which are "hot" inside the core and "cold" outside. In experiments the hybridized state can be obtained from the usual incident flux if to adjust its angular distribution. Manipulating the flux of low energy deuterons one can get fusion of them with a not small probability.