Posts by NEPS*NewEnergy

The above Snicker-bar comment by Dr. Richard misses the point that everything under the sun regarding cold fusion has NOT now been patented, (i.e., just waiting for cold fusion to be shown to work in a system). A lot of cold fusion patents are still being submitted and processed both by the USTPO and overseas.

In the above, Robert Bryant mentions characteristics of a couple types of nuclear reaction (some ways that nuclear energy could be emitted). By comparison, critics of cold fusion focus upon the early part of the fusion process, and many still hold a view that the force between two positively charged nuclei (Coulomb repulsion) cannot be overcome in cold fusion. As far back as 1995, there were already about two dozen theories attempting to explain how the cold fusion reactions might occur. The best one, however, was developed by Professor K.P. Sinha in about 1999, and discussed in "A Theoretical Model for Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions," published in the Infinite Energy Magazine, January/February 2000. This was the first theory that seriously viewed cold fusion as occurring in cracks, crevices and crevices of the cathode reaction material (instead of the bulk between atoms of the material. Subsequently, similar theories were developed by Widom and Larsen (2005) and Ed Storms (2014).

Pages 17-23 of "Bridging the Gaps: An Anthology on Nuclear Cold Fusion" discuss at least nine nuclear reactions that need to be considered as operative in a cold fusion generator. The standard methodology for correlating heat and helium produced is also presented.

According to the above information, Gregory Byron Goble's assumption Based on that of Schwinger) that "the HD reaction p + d -> 3He does not have an accompanying y-ray" conflicts with published results from nuclear physics.

WRT Gregory Byron Goble's above comments about (p,d) fusion, please note the following information on page 24 of "Bridging the Gaps: An Anthology on Nuclear Cold Fusion": The (p,d) reaction has been discussed in the paper "A Source of Plane-polarized Gamma-rays of Variable Energy above 5.5 MeV" by D.H. Wilkinson of the Cavendish Laboratory (Ref 19). It indicates that a (p.d) interaction involves a direct radiative transition where the gammas are emitted perpendicular to the path between the proton and deuteron. The paper also indicates that gamma ray energy can be increased from 5.5 MeV by increasing energy of the bombarding protons, and the gammas produced can cause photodisintegration of other deuterons, with the resulting protons emitted along the electric vector.

Also see: "The Gamma Radiation from the Bombardment of Heavy Ice with Low Energy Protons," by Colin David Scarfe, University of British Columbia, October 1961.

The Snicker candy-bar comment from Dr. Richard opens the door for discussing new information and clarity of old information from the NEPS team in "Bridging the Gaps: An Anthology on Nuclear Cold Fusion". As another example, page 20 says that one can assume that the three d+d reactions occur in somewhat the same manner, and that probabilities of two of the reactions are about the same due to their physical similarity. Detailed discussion of d+d reactions is on pages 504-510 and in the last paragraph on page 393 through page 394 of "Theoretical Nuclear Physics" by Blatt and Weisskopf, published by John Wiley and Sons, 1952. Equations I on page 505 indicate the third branch where He4 (an alpha particle) can be produced. Later, page 20 says the probability should be very low for "observing" the d+d reaction to produce He4. Reference 12 (and 13) indicates a cross section less than 10exp-31 cm2. Gammas are not emitted since He4 would not be in a 1P state.

WRT Dr. Richard's Snicker-bar comment, that everything now seems to be patented, please note that some relatively new information and clarity of old information from the NEPS team is in "Bridging the Gaps: An Anthology on Nuclear Cold Fusion" (June 2021). For example, the book starts (pages 1-2) with a concern expressed by cold fusion critics that "If the experiments had produced high-energy neutrons from deuterium-deuterium (d, d) fusion, then capture of the neutrons by protons (i.e., hydrogen) in the calorimeter's surrounding H2O cooling water would have produced detectable 2.22 MeV gamma radiation, which was not observed." This concern expressed by critics of cold fusion was unfounded, as the cross section for the reaction would be insignificant unless neutron energy were less than about 0.1 eV. The neutrons might have been slowed down, or moderated, by heavy water near the center of the cold fusion experiments. The lower-velocity neutrons may not have been able to traverse the internal container to each water in the calorimeter. This explains a possible reason that gammas were not observed.

Why is it necessary to convince government managers?? The reason is that various types of expertise and the resources from many US R&D companies will need to be involved. A government organization will need to coordinate their work through a formally-managed development program.

David Nygren repeated Matt's question: "What should we do next?" This is an interesting question as the team sponsored by Google was not able to produce positive results (e.g., correlation of heat with helium, or tritium, or neutrons, or gamma radiation). The negative results do not appear to be supportive of the technology area, and may have influenced negative statements about cold fusion/LENR obtained when using google to search on these terms. Then, What should we do next? Since there are already many positive results developed by others in over 30 years of research, and the climate crisis has been recently-recognized, it should now be possible to use Google's influence to convince government managers that cold fusion/LENR is the best approach to solve this crisis.

The book takes the position that climate change is serious and cold fusion could be the best approach for solving it. It then attempts to provide supporting information that has not been readily available to decision makers.

Now available book from Amazon and Barnes and Noble ($13.95 soft cover).

It is hoped that information in "Bridging the Gaps: An Anthology on Nuclear Cold Fusion" will be of some help to this community.

The book posits several questions to the cold fusion/LENR community in the face of the global climate crisis. Will interested scientist now support focused engineering/systems development activities within their respective countries (rather than working independently)? We don't have the luxury of 32 more years of general basic research.

New Book, "Bridging the Gaps: An Anthology on Nuclear Cold Fusion" is available on Amazon and Barnes and Noble.

Good comment, Nkodama. To follow up, the tiny spaces between consolidated metal particles are about the same. It would be difficult to have enough flat parallel surfaces in a volume to produce much energy. But, this is possible with the large number of spaces between micron-sized particles. More on this is in a new book, "Bridging the Gaps: An Anthology on Nuclear Cold Fusion."

Most of the ideas discussed above (from New Energy Power Systems) are being placed into a book planned to be published in November-December 2020.

In addition to costs for personnel and materials, a company will also have to endure general and administrative (G&A) expenses and will need to make a profit. Various factors are allowed in calculating G&A and profit, and these turn out to vary relative to each other (higher G&A rate for lower profit, etc.). Values in the plan shown as #6 on http://www.newenergypowersystems.co are believed to be typical for R&D companies in the US, but will differ from one company to the next.

NEPS's view about cold fusion is described on several webpages that can be clicked through beginning with http://www.newenergypowersystems.org . A "Plan for Accelerated Development of Clean and Renewable Cold Fusion Power Systems" has been added as #6 on http://www.newenergypowersystems.co .

Hope Robert Bryant is also interested in the thoughts expressed.

A blog on Nuclear Radiation Safety related to this system has been added to http://www.newenergypowersystems.co