[feedquote='E-Cat World','http://www.e-catworld.com/2016/07/26/some-thoughts-on-the-design-and-operation-of-rossis-lenr-reactors-michael-lammert/']The following article has been submitted by Michael Lammert Some Thoughts on the Design and Operation of Rossi’s LENR Reactors Michael Lammert (AKA Dr. Mike) 7/26/2016 It is quite an accomplishment that Andrea Rossi has already built a LENR reactor that was able to deliver 1MW of heat for a period of almost one […][/feedquote]
Some Thoughts on the Design and Operation of Rossi’s LENR Reactors (Michael Lammert)
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But the analysis of the Lugano fuel showed only a natural Ni isotope distribution. How could it have only been loaded with Ni62?
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But the analysis of the Lugano fuel showed only a natural Ni isotope distribution. How could it have only been loaded with Ni62
There was fuel and ash. Just look at the corresponding figures... Additional Ni62 is not needed for the process, it will be produced...
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But Michael Lammert seems to be saying that Ni62 only would be required for LENR to occur with this mix. I'm saying that in the Lugano test we know that was not the case since the fuel was tested and had a natural distribution of Ni.
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But Michael Lammert seems to be saying that Ni62 only would be required for LENR to occur with this mix.
I would only trust people which run experiments like mfp. They too see a production of Ni62: The Ni62 only idea was invented by AR deniers...
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The Ni62 could have already been in the reactor body, before adding the "fuel".
Maybe loosely cemented in with some sort of Li6 compound. -
Oh no. The stage magic book says that you put the fuel in from one end of the tube, but take the ash out from the other. Utilising a cunning technical device called a 'partition'. No glue required.
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Sure I would trust much more MFMP, or simply third party scientists...
Note that this does not prevent usual hypothesis of enrichment, but this have limits (or this is a great discovery - never forget an artifact may be a discovery). -
Regarding: " One of the initial engineering problems to be solved in the design of the LENR reactor is how to extract useful heat "
The function of a Bose condinsate provides superfluidity to the LENR reactor. This superfluidity works to transfer heat evenly throughout the volume of the LENR reactor including the powder and the hydrogen that surrounds it. The nature of LENR is centered on superconductivity and to understand it, we must understand how superconductivity can happen at high temperatures and also consider what properties that LENR gets from it superconductive nature.
Hot spots could develop at startup before superfluidity is established in the LENR reactor. Lack of this superfluidity causes localized blowouts.
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The function of a Bose condinsate provides superfluidity to the LENR reactor.
Axil, Dr. Solaris would have known it...
There is no superfluidity in any LENR reactor except its already a fluid.., but still then the contents of the reactor don't flow up the walls and seem to be in powder/solid state form...
But most of us agree that on the surface of LENR active substances all the phenomenons You are pointing to (may) exist. We also believe that these phenomenons catalyse LENR reactions.
May we ask You, .. be more careful with Your posts, which often sound great, but for scientific people are presented like a chorus of nonsense. May be You should first read a paper and somehow qualify it and then, post it with a specific LENR title! e.g. superfluidity where??
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Axil, Dr. Solaris would have known it...
There is no superfluidity in any LENR reactor except its already a fluid.., but still then the contents of the reactor don't flow up the walls and seem to be in powder/solid state form...
But most of us agree that on the surface of LENR active substances all the phenomenons You are pointing to (may) exist. We also believe that these phenomenons catalyse LENR reactions.
May we ask You, .. be more careful with Your posts, which often sound great, but for scientific people are presented like a chorus of nonsense. May be You should first read a paper and somehow qualify it and then, post it with a specific LENR title! e.g. superfluidity where??
If all the kilowatts of heat were produced in the 1/2 gram of nickel powder either on the outside or the inside, there would be a huge concentration of heat in a very small volume of space. The heat produced in the reactor must be spread out relatively evenly throughout the entire volume of the reactor core which includes the hydrogen envelope. In the pictures of the LENR reactors so far released, the light produced by the shells of the those LENR reactors shows a equal light distribution along their entire length. This indicates isothermal heat distribution throughout the volume of the core. Such even power distribution is a characteristic of superfluidity and the global Bose condensation that produces it. The very fact that so much power density can be produced in such a small volume is proof that a BEC is in place throughout the volume of the core and possibly extending into the body of the containment shell.
In the Quark reactor which generates the most extreme power density, this type of reactor does not burn out in any hot spots over months of operations even when it is air cooled.
A 100 watt incandescent light bulb produces a heat output of 3400C in its tungsten filament which is far bigger than the diameter of the core of the Quark. There must be a isothermal heat distribution mechanism in place that gets the heat out of and from around the nickel powder/liquid into the shell of the Quark reactor.
Consider the fact that such high power density is produced by the latest generation of LENR reactors without the production of hot spot burnthrough as proof of the existence of a BEC as a isothermal power distribution mechanism.
In many Rossi reactor replication attempts, these replicated reactors would blowout due to a extreme heat spike in a hot spot produced at startup. For example, Parkhomov produced blowouts ten times more frequently than successful long term reactor operation. These blowouts are likely caused by the rapid onset of the LENR reaction before a global BEC is established in the core of the reactor, where he heat of the LENR reaction is more evenly distributed throughout the core.
Chemical adjustment in the fuel mix can reduce the speed at which the LENR reaction is initiated. It also is possible that an electromagnetic blocking mechanism might be used to gradually instantiate the LENR reaction to avoid hot spot blowouts.
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Axil. Quark may not be a Nickel based reactor. Tungsten or Fd (Fairy Dust) are possible alternative fuels.
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Extract:
"To achieve a COP of >50 in the 1MW system it is not likely that high power external heat was supplied to the reactors a any time other than the system start up. It is more likely that the reactor temperature is controlled by adjusting the amplitude of a waveform that is optimized in frequency and shape to promote fusion reactions within the reactor. If this conclusion is correct, scientists trying to replicate Rossi’s work would be more likely to achieve success by using one power source to supply heat to a reactor during start up and a separate waveform generator to supply the reactor with a range of high frequency signals that can be optimized to promote fusion reactions within the reactor. After optimizing the waveform, the fusion reaction rate within the reactor can be controlled by feedback to the waveform generator, and the heater power supply can be turned off".Best regards
Frank -
Axil. Quark may not be a Nickel based reactor. Tungsten or Fd (Fairy Dust) are possible alternative fuels.
You have a point but you are wrong in detail. Rossi says that his Quark reactor is covered by his patent and in that patent he specifies that the powder is a group ten element. If the powder was palladium of platinum, Rossi would have described the procedure to prepare these noble metals as he did for nickel. This lack of preparation description would leave Rossi open to patent infringement of the Quark technology as not fully described in the patent so I don't beleive that the noble metals are used in the Quark.
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Extract:
"To achieve a COP of >50 in the 1MW system it is not likely that high power external heat was supplied to the reactors a any time other than the system start up. It is more likely that the reactor temperature is controlled by adjusting the amplitude of a waveform that is optimized in frequency and shape to promote fusion reactions within the reactor. If this conclusion is correct, scientists trying to replicate Rossi’s work would be more likely to achieve success by using one power source to supply heat to a reactor during start up and a separate waveform generator to supply the reactor with a range of high frequency signals that can be optimized to promote fusion reactions within the reactor. After optimizing the waveform, the fusion reaction rate within the reactor can be controlled by feedback to the waveform generator, and the heater power supply can be turned off".Best regards
FrankAs was shown in the Lugano demo, waveform stimulation produces a limited power density reaction that does not exceed at most COP=3 and some say far less. The stimulation that might be used to produce the very high COP is the electrostatic stimulation that generates the TAO effect. That is the reference to the two electrodes that can produce an EMF potential of up to 100,000 volt and is defined in an update to the Rossi patent.
See my post: High Temperature Superconductivity and LENR
See the patent update here:
https://patentscope.wipo.int/s…621/PDOC/WO2016018851.pdf
If you read this patent update that references the NEW electrostatic stimulator which operates between 50 and 100 KV, Rossi says that the resistance heater is NO LONGER REQUIRED.
Rossi also says that the reaction temperature is between 400 to 600C. This means that the update is applied to the LOW TEMPERATURE REACTOR.
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Ok Axil,
by electrodes way, Rossi Doesn't need more than 600° to reach COP 50 ?
My understanding could be little different, electrodes are welcome up to 600° to trigger better reaction ?David
It could be that the setup of an electrostatic potential does not require any power since there is no flow of current. This huge reduction in input power will increase the COP. Only the power required to drive the control logic and measuring sensors are required. No need to produce input heat after startup warmup can greatly increase the COP relationships, as the input power goes down the COP goes up.
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@axil, David. Have you given any thought as to how Rossi gets the power back out of that tiny tube in the Quark? If the 'start-up' electrodes cant be used there is a serious space problem.
The Quark has three energy outputs: heat, light, and electrons.
Heat is gathered from heat radiation from the metal shield that covers the ceramic reactor.
Light is produced when the metal shield is removed and the ceramic core is visible.
Electrons are produced by a electronic circuit connected to the metal shield that harvests the electrons that come off of the ceramic reactor body.
The metal shield could either be made out of a fine wire screen or a solid metal enclosure as required by the application.
At startup, the metal enclosure could be heated by electrical resistance through the use of a current applied directly to the metal enclosure up until the temperature of the ceramic reactor body witch is enclosed by the metal shield is raised to optimum operating temperature levels.
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Theory can inspire the design of experiments to prove of disprove a critical part of a LENR theory.
For example, if a huge external magnetic field is applied to an active LENR reactor, and that reactor switches between heat production and gamma production, then that experiment supports the posit that superconductivity and Bose condensation is involved in LENR gamma thermalization.
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The Quark has three energy outputs: heat, light, and electrons.
Axil! Are You talking of a product which you had hands on??
Or are You in an ecstatic phantasy after watching a blurry Rossi picture of a weird christmas candle??
