Posts by Alan Smith

Nice work Alan. I have another plate in the tank right now btw , running at 2.5V and 0.15A. This one was started on monday and will run until (at least) Friday.

I have been pondering something about the use of HCl with brass or iron cathodes. This was because Stevenson gave us the voltage data for his plates - which were brass. For a lot of the time the voltages he was using were below the Faraday limit so could not possibly break down water into H2/O2. I found this puzzling.

HCl will chemically attack iron or brass with the evolution of hydrogen. In the case of brass you can see the colour change since it preferentially leaches out the zinc component of the alloy, leaving copper behind- the colour goes from golden to rosy pink. I do suspect the HCl method is good in that chemical hydrogen is produced at the cathode surface underneath the plating, which together with electrolytic water breakdown -= H2 deposition from both sides. Also, my long ago Chemistry tutor told me that the hydrogen produced by the action of HCl on Zinc is monatomic - but he may have been wrong about that. I know that Frank Gordon has used zinc galvanised pipes as electrodes- this may also be important.

I am thinking of running another plate with an airstone in the tank (porous stone used in conjunction with a pump to aerate aquaria) connected in this case to a hydrogen generator. H2 is not very soluble in water but it might help to have a cloud of microscopic H2 bubbles being attracted to the cathode

Quote from Seatrout

Something to know. over the years a number of threads- post and video's we voluntarily agree on with a check mark have been changed to show we agree to fake science or in some cases just plain junk.

its a old facebook trick going back 10 years they can pull up but we can not get to anymore. it happens everywhere. they change the context of the post after its out of your view. just part of the long plan they are so proud of. pointless to go back and delete everything, its a well known trap.

I am not aware of this happening- but then I don't read old posts so much. The only people who might change stuff after the event are the mod/admin team. And we don't do it. The odd obnoxious post might get moved to trash or have the nasty bits removed- generally with an explanatory note attached , Other wise it never happens - we are not the old Soviet Union..

Prof Pankaj Jain of Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India will be presenting the breakthroughs achieved by him and his group in the theory of low energy nuclear reactions recently.

Speaker: Prof Pankaj Jain, Dept of Physics, IIT Kanpur Title: Low Energy Reaction of a Deuteron with a Heavy Nucleus

Date & Time: Monday, 11 Oct 2021 at 11:30 AM GMT/UTC

Zoom link:

https://iitk-ac-in.zoom.u/j/92540287203?pwd=V1ozMVBWOVNwZjVYYWdBWG1WSUdrZz09

Meeting ID: 925 4028 7203 Passcode: LENR-IITK

Abstract of the talk:

We use second order time dependent perturbation theory to study the reaction of a deuteron (D) with a heavy nucleus (X). The reaction proceeds by the breakdown of the deuteron into a proton and a neutron, due to the action of the first perturbation. The neutron gets captured by the heavy nucleus with the emission of a free proton. The process leads to emission of two photons, one at each vertex (or perturbation). We compute the reaction rate of a specific process in a condensed medium in which the two photons are emitted in coincidence and show that it is sufficiently large to be observable in a laboratory. No special medium conditions are required. Hence we conclude that nuclear reactions can take place at low energies at observable rates. However a detailed application to experimental results is still lacking. We explain the physical mechanism that makes such low energy reactions possible.

All interested are welcome to attend.

I've been invited to make an appointment for a booster- booked on Thursday 8.30am. I will be there.

Climate and complex systems share Nobel

Three researchers have won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on describing complex physical systems — including foundational research that predicted that increasing levels of carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere would raise global temperatures. Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann share half of the prize of 10 million Swedish kronor (US$1.15 million) for modelling the physics of Earth’s climate. Theoretical physicist Giorgio Parisi was awarded the other half for his contributions to the theory of complex systems. His work has affected many areas, from neuroscience to how granular materials pack.

Asked if the Nobel committee was sending a message to world leaders with the award, Göran Hansson, secretary-general of the prize-awarding Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, said: “What we are saying is that the modelling climate is solidly based in physical theory and solid physics.” He added: “Global warming is resting on solid science. That is the message.”

Nature | 5 min read

Prof Pankaj Jain of Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India will be presenting the breakthroughs achieved by him and his group in the theory of low energy nuclear reactions recently.

Speaker: Prof Pankaj Jain, Dept of Physics, IIT Kanpur Title: Low Energy Reaction of a Deuteron with a Heavy Nucleus

Date & Time: Monday, 11 Oct 2021 at 11:30 AM GMT/UTC

Zoom link:

https://iitk-ac-in.zoom.u/j/92540287203?pwd=V1ozMVBWOVNwZjVYYWdBWG1WSUdrZz09

Meeting ID: 925 4028 7203 Passcode: LENR-IITK

Abstract of the talk:

We use second order time dependent perturbation theory to study the reaction of a deuteron (D) with a heavy nucleus (X). The reaction proceeds by the breakdown of the deuteron into a proton and a neutron, due to the action of the first perturbation. The neutron gets captured by the heavy nucleus with the emission of a free proton. The process leads to emission of two photons, one at each vertex (or perturbation). We compute the reaction rate of a specific process in a condensed medium in which the two photons are emitted in coincidence and show that it is sufficiently large to be observable in a laboratory. No special medium conditions are required. Hence we conclude that nuclear reactions can take place at low energies at observable rates. However a detailed application to experimental results is still lacking. We explain the physical mechanism that makes such low energy reactions possible.

All interested are welcome to attend.

Update from Leif Holmlid.

(PDF) Controlling the process of muon formation for muon-catalyzed fusion: method of non-destructive average muon sign detection Open Access EPJ Techniques and Instrumentation

PDF | Introduction Muons are observed from pulsed laser impact on ultra-dense hydrogen H(0) [1-3] by plastic scintillators and solid converters, with... |…

www.researchgate.net

Abstract The recent development of intense muon sources (Holmlid, Swedish Patent SE 539,684 C 2 (2017)) is crucial for the use of muon-catalyzed fusion reactors (L. Holmlid, Fusion Science and Technology 75, 208 (2019)) which are likely to be the first generation of practical fusion reactors. For this purpose, only negative muons are useful. For existing sources where negative muons can be ejected (if not formed) preferentially, it is neces-sary to know the amount of negative muons to determine and optimize the fusion reactor efficiency on-line. Here, a method is developed to measure the absolute muon flux and its average sign without collecting or deflecting the muons. The muons from the patented muon generator have an energy of 100 MeV and above and an inten-sity of 1013 muons per laser pulse. Here, the detection of the relativistic laser-induced muons from H(0) is reported with a standard particle beam method, using a wire coil on a ferrite toroid as detector for the relativistic particles. The coil detection method shows that these relativistic particles are charged, thus not photons, neutrinos or neu-tral kaons. This makes the coil method superior to scintillator methods and it is the only possible method due to the large muon intensity. If an equal number of positive and negative mouns passed the coil, no signal would be observed. The signal at the coil in the case shown here is due to relativistic positive muons as concluded from a signal charge sign verification in the coil.

Quote from Rob Woudenberg

Looks like you assume this workshop will be free of charge. I am not sure this is correct.

I am.

SindreZG I'm sure all of our membership appreciate your generosity in sharing some of what you know - thank you so much.

Quote from Shane D.

I know little about horses, but I would guess if you tried and put a pill down its throat, you would lose a finger or two.

Also the pill for 700 kilos of horse would be almost the size of a golf ball. Almost all horse medicine is sold either as flavoured paste you can squirt in or powder to sprinkle on their food.

The amount the UK government has to spend on state pensions will fall by £1.5bn by 2022, partly because of over-65s dying of Covid, forecasts suggest. The government will also receive an extra £0.9bn from inheritance tax, partly due to Covid-related deaths.

The figures have been published by the Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) - the government's fiscal watchdog.

It said it had "revised up our assumption for excess deaths this year and next relative to November".

More than 144,000 deaths involving Covid-19 have occurred in the UK since the start of the pandemic, figures published by the UK's statistics agencies show.

The majority of coronavirus deaths have been among people aged over 65, many of whom will have been receiving the state pension.

The OBR estimates spending on the state pension will fall by £600m in 2020-21 and £900m in 2021-22 compared with forecasts made before the pandemic.The watchdog said the forecast for lower state pension spending was partly because of the weaker outlook for average earnings growth, which lowers the effect of the yearly triple lock uprating.

But it added that excess deaths due to the pandemic have also reduced the number of people receiving pensions.

"With virus-related deaths rising sharply again in recent months, we have revised up the number of excess pensioner-age deaths in 2020-21 from 90,000 in our November forecast to around 100,000 in this one," the OBR said in its Economic And Fiscal Outlook, which is published alongside the Budget.

It has increased its forecast because: "Higher virus-related deaths in the current wave of the virus have outweighed the effect of lockdown reducing deaths from other causes, particularly from influenza and other respiratory diseases".

Meanwhile the Treasury predicted that inheritance tax receipts will increase from £5.1bn in 2019-20 to £6bn in 2021-22, before falling to £5.8bn the following year. The rise in inheritance tax receipts is partly due to the freeze of inheritance tax thresholds until April 2026 announced in the Budget and the growth in the value of estates, but higher Covid-19 deaths will also contribute, the OBR said.

Metal doping of this materials seems to be relatively easy, as demonstrated in the YT vieo in the first post. This looks like an experiment waiting to be performed.

What's happened to robert bryant ? ? not seen for a month.

A decade’s worth of telescope observations of the sun have revealed a startling mystery: Gamma rays, the highest frequency waves of light, radiate from our nearest star seven times more abundantly than expected. Stranger still, despite this extreme excess of gamma rays overall, a narrow bandwidth of frequencies is curiously absent.

The surplus light, the gap in the spectrum, and other surprises about the solar gamma-ray signal potentially point to unknown features of the sun’s magnetic field, or more exotic physics.

“It’s amazing that we were so spectacularly wrong about something we should understand really well: the sun,” said Brian Fields, a particle astrophysicist at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.

The unexpected signal has emerged in data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, a NASA observatory that scans the sky from its outpost in low-Earth orbit. As more Fermi data have accrued, revealing the spectrum of gamma rays coming from the sun in ever-greater detail, the puzzles have only proliferated.

The Sun Is Stranger Than Astrophysicists Imagined

The sun radiates far more high-frequency light than expected, raising questions about unknown features of the sun’s magnetic field and the possibility of even…

getpocket.com

This is a detailed study showing the (relatively) easy synthesis of G-CN nanotubes and nanosheets from raw materials, and their efficiency as hydrogen adsorption systems.

" A facile, one step fabrication method was disclosed in this work which could be used to synthesize porous g-C3N4 nanosheets with high specific surface area and pore volume. The as synthesized g-C3N4 nanosheets not only had the advantage for hydrogen storage, but also could be expected to have good performance in other fields like photocatalyst. In addition, this research reported a nickel based modification method to create defects and pores on g-C3N4 nanotubes. This methodology should pave a new avenue to modify g-C3N4 based materials for advanced applications like photocatalyst, solar cell and lithium battery."

I had dinner with Mr and Mrs Iwamura in Asissi 2019. He's a very shrewd operator was my impression at the time. They are a quietly formidable couple.

Not sure if this is new or not- tx to Bob Higgins for spotting it.

Science | CLEAN PLANET Inc.Quantum Hydrogen Energy ～ Preparing for Commercial Appl […]
http://www.cleanplanet.co.jp

Not sure if this is new or not- tx to Bob Higgins for spotting it.

Fake-crystals = Quasicrystals. Pefectly acceptable term.

ETA

A quasiperiodic crystal, or quasicrystal, is a structure that is ordered but not periodic. A quasicrystalline pattern can continuously fill all available space, but it lacks translational symmetry. While crystals, according to the classical crystallographic restriction theorem, can possess only two-, three-, four-, and six-fold rotational symmetries, the Bragg diffraction pattern of quasicrystals shows sharp peaks with other symmetry orders—for instance, five-fold.

Aperiodic tilings were discovered by mathematicians in the early 1960s, and, some twenty years later, they were found to apply to the study of natural quasicrystals. The discovery of these aperiodic forms in nature has produced a paradigm shift in the field of crystallography. In crystallography the quasicrystals were predicted in 1981 by a five-fold symmetry study of Alan Lindsay Mackay,^[2]—that also brought in 1982, with the crystallographic Fourier transform of a Penrose tiling,^[3] the possibility of identifying quasiperiodic order in a material through diffraction.

Gr-C₃N is the latest 'wonder material' - another 'graphene' in the making. Currently it is very expensive, but it costs very little - and requires only modest skills and equipment to make your own. The cost of the raw material, Urea, is trivial and it is readily available.

Current costs to buy it 'ready made' and of guaranteed quality are extortionate - on this website it is £135.00 (US$180) for 200 milligrams - that's $900/gm.

Graphitic Carbon Nitride 143334-20-7 | Tokyo Chemical Industry UK Ltd.

So what does it do? Here are just some of it's features. It is harder than diamond, can adsorb up to 10X it's mass of hydrogen, is a photo-catalyst and an efficient electron emitter. it can also be used as a replacement for Lithium in CN/Na batteries and much more. I cannot help but wonder if this would be a useful hydrogen carrier for LENR?

The video below, by Robert Murray-Smith (no relation, but no fool either) describes the synthesis and post-treatment of GrCN from Urea. !0 minutes well spent for anybody that likes to play the chemist. I cannot guarantee the efficiency or the purity of the end product- but I have checked out his sources and they are good.

EtA- info on simple synthesis and properties:-

http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/nr/c2/c2nr30948c/c2nr30948c.pdf