Quote from Stevenson

Yes, I can confirm: I repeated the experiment a number of times and it worked almost 100% of the times (with slightly different performances but very similar features). This rate of success was so "unusual" for a LENR (or presumed so) experiment, that I also tried to make some intentional variations in order to verify if the effect would still be there: it wasn't. So I have a good confidence that I was measuring something real and not an artifact.

Hi Stevenson,

this sounds great!

Do you have any contact to reputable scientific institutes (universities etc.) which you can support in doing research with a replication?

This would be great.

Thinking about something like Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in germany.

If THEY would support that idea, this would be a breakthrough in acceptance.

Quote from barty

Do you have any contact to reputable scientific institutes (universities etc.) which you can support in doing research with a replication?

This would be great.

Ehm... actually, I started my career in the academia (I was a university researcher) . I know many people there and have been in contact with many institutions. Nobody would officially care of the LEC, for two main reasons: a) it is an unknown phenomenon, and so potentially "controversial" and a little bit too "dangerous" (career-wise) to deal with; b) it is too cross-field to be studied by a specific researcher or research group, that are usually very focused in hyper-specialized topics. The only way to get a university replication is paying for it (as a research contract), but this will almost cancels out its "reputability" added value.

Apart from this, I doubt that even a genuine and qualified university paper on the LEC would change the situation (acceptance and interest) among the scientific community. The Rout-Srinivasan paper is there since many years, and it is supposed to be fully replicable, but nobody has ever done it...

Nevertheless, I considered talking about the LEC to some university professors that I know may be interested (at least personally). However, I didn't had the time to organize a meeting up to now.

When a robust condensed matter nuclear science (cold fusion? let's say) LCF Device is purported to have produced a flow for SEVEN +

Quote from Gregory Byron Goble

NUCLEAR DENSE ENERGETICS

Years

Nuclear dense measurable energetics

No less I guess

Of current ELECTRONS

Anyways so Gordon says

Quote from Gregory Byron Goble

NUCLEAR DENSE ENERGETICS

Quote from Gregory Byron Goble

Hyper-specialised? (Stevenson)

Broad is a better portrayal (GBG.)

I watched that video again:

Part 2 : UNDERSTANDING LENR - Panel Q&A about the LATTICE ENERGY CONVERTER (LEC)

It is quite good. It is one of the best panel discussions of cold fusion I have seen. * I recommend it.

* Assuming it is cold fusion. Who knows?!? Who cares, as long as it works. I hope it is real and it can be scaled up.

Some replications of LEC generators made for the RNBE 2020

lenr-forum.com/attachment/20246/

Active electrode : nanoparticular palladium on palladium wire

lenr-forum.com/attachment/20246/

Active electrode : nanoparticular codeposited palladium on palladium wire (Sigma)

DIY hydrogen generator with drying column.

lenr-forum.com/attachment/20252/

LEC Generator made for RNBE 2020

Active electrode : codeposited nanoparticular palladium on copper disc, counter electrode : steel mesh.

spacers: ceramic

sealing : polyester resin.

Robust... "... since 2015"

I'm still wondering if the same reactor has been running continuously (and still is?) since 2015.

Quote from Gregory Byron Goble

I'm still wondering if the same reactor has been running continuously (and still is?) since 2015.

In the online discussion group, they said that was a cell with powered voltage between the electrodes, and they said it has been recharged with fresh gas twice. It is still working.

"Powered" is not the right word. I mean there is a difference of potential between the electrodes, like with a electric fence to keep goats in a yard. I think tiny amounts of current are likely to flow when there is gas and difference of potential. So there would be some power. There are only microwatts (?) of apparent power in the LEC, so perhaps the voltage can explain it. That's why I feel more confident in the unpowered devices.

Quote from JedRothwell

I think tiny amounts of current are likely to flow when there is gas and difference of potential. So there would be some power. There are only microwatts (?) of apparent power in the LEC, so perhaps the voltage can explain it. That's why I feel more confident in the unpowered devices.

In a inactive (dummy) LEC, the current between the electrodes when an external voltage is applied is almost zero (few pA). In an active LEC the current, in the same conditions, it is in the order of tenth of mA. This is not indicative of some electrical power being generated, but of the fact that the gas is being ionized by the unknown mechanism that in turn allows for the voltage to be generated when no external voltage is applied. So, the fact that there is an active device working for more than 7 year, is very promising and well indicative of a non-chemical origin of the effect (the deuterium refill cannot account for the ionization).

As I wrote, in my opinion the voltage generated by the LEC is "accidental", it is an almost fortuitous secondary effect. The primary effect is the gas ionization (and so the current).

Quote from Stevenson

As I wrote, in my opinion the voltage generated by the LEC is "accidental", it is an almost fortuitous secondary effect. The primary effect is the gas ionization

This raises the issue of the apparent impossibility of detecting what is causing the ionization by methods that want to detect that energy source assuming that it’s an ionizing radiation. We know it can fog x ray sensitive film, could it cause a voltage in a highly sensitive photovoltaic cell?

Quote from Stevenson

The primary effect is the gas ionization

H3+ ???

Trihydrogen cation - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

There is no need of ionizing radiation for making ions, fortunately.

In a Fusion Diode, which is a Solid State Fusion diode, the LENR energy produce excitation of electrons and holes around a PN junction, thus producing current and tension, that is power.

In a Lattice Energy Convertor, which is a gaseous fusion diode, I think that hydrogen atoms are ionized at the surface of the active electrode, producing electrons and ions, and then the ions diffuse to the counter electrode, giving new hydrogen molecules, and the cycle continues, producing power in the external circuit.

Quote from Curbina

This raises the issue of the apparent impossibility of detecting what is causing the ionization by methods that want to detect that energy source assuming that it’s an ionizing radiation. We know it can fog x ray sensitive film, could it cause a voltage in a highly sensitive photovoltaic cell?

Most probably it is not impossible to detect that radiation, it is just difficult because it has relatively low energy (< 1keV (?) ). Most detectors are not sensitive enough to detect in this range of energy, also the radiation is dramatically attenuated even by very thin layers of materials. Photovoltaic cells (even CMOS image sensors) may detect this radiation, but they have to be "naked" (no passivation, no lenses, etc). I concluded that the most efficient way to detect this radiation is by using exposed phosphors and a photomultiplier.

Quote from RobertBryant

H3+ ???

I don't know, but when experiments are made in air, it is the air itself that is ionized.

Quote from fabrice DAVID

In a Lattice Energy Convertor, which is a gaseous fusion diode, I think that hydrogen atoms are ionized at the surface of the active electrode, producing electrons and ions, and then the ions diffuse to the counter electrode, giving new hydrogen molecules, and the cycle continues, producing power in the external circuit.

In your model electrons are conducted by the electric circuit and only positive ions are released in the gas by the WE: this would made the device behave like a diode, i.e. it should conduct current only in one direction (because the CE would not emit charges). But this is not the case in the LEC: conduction is symmetric, implying the presence of positive and negative charges in the gas (most probably generated in the gas itself).

Quote from Stevenson

presence of positive and negative charges in the gas

Positive and negative 'hydrogen' ions? "adspecies"? can be in hydrogen-metal combinations

I don't know whether this research is relevant

http://przyrbwn.icm.edu.pl/APP/PDF/114/a114zS03.pdf

The Response of Work Function of Thin Metal Films to Interaction with Hydrogen

R. Du´s , E. Nowicka and R. Nowakowski, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences
Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland

The aim of this paper is to summarize the results of experiments carried
out at our laboratory on the response of the work function of several thin
films of transition metals and rare earth metals to interaction with molecular
hydrogen. The main focus concerns the description of surface phenomena
accompanying the reaction of hydride formation as a result of the adsorbate’s incorporation into the bulk of the thin films. Work function changes
∆Φ caused by adsorption and reaction concern the surface, hence this experimental method is appropriate for solving the aforementioned problem.
A differentiation is made between the work function changes ∆Φ due to creation of specific adsorption states characteristic of hydrides, and ∆Φ arising
as a result of surface defects and protrusions induced in the course of the
reaction. The topography of thin metal films and thin hydride films with
defects and protrusions was illustrated by means of atomic force microscopy.
For comparison, the paper discusses work function changes caused by H2 interaction with thin films of metals which do not form hydrides (for example
platinum), or when this interaction is performed under conditions excluding
hydride formation for thermodynamic reasons. Almost complete diminishing
of ∆Φ was observed, in spite of significant hydrogen uptake on some rare
earth metals, caused by formation of the ordered H–Y–H surface phase.

Yes, I think it is. Shame that Samarium is difficult to plate without exotic electrolyes, I would like to try a Samarium plated brass working electrode.

Quote from Alan Smith

without exotic electrolyes,

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257612101_Fundamental_aspects_of_molecular_plating_and_production_of_smooth_crack-free_Nd_targets

Samarium thin films molecular plated from N,N-dimethylformamide characterized by XPS | ORNL

Rare earths are not easy to plate

N,N-dimethylformamide.. seems to work with Neodymium

it sounds exotic but its used in the leather industry

if I had a lab...

No -Samarium isn't easy, but I knew that. DMTF is a possibility, but most commercial Sm plating is done by sputtering AFAIK. Never mind, when the lab is straight I might try -I have some solid Sm in the stores.

BTW- not exotic but toxic...DMF is readily absorbed through the skin, inhaled, or ingested. DMF is a potent liver toxin. DMF may cause abdominal pain, constipation, nausea and vomiting, headache, weakness, dizziness, skin problems, and alcohol intolerance.

@Alan Smith-these are all symptoms of liver damage and as such, although handling Sm in the lab is dangerous enough poisons like DMTF are extremely dangerous to handle, even with gloves! Think of DIOXIN poisoning!

@ Dr Richard*

No worries, I run a 'green chemistry' laboiratory, so don't use anything normally considered to be toxic. There's almost always another way, maybe one that doesn't suit industrial processes being too slow or too expensive, but work at lab scale in terms of cost and time.

Quote from Stevenson

I don't know, but when experiments are made in air, it is the air itself that is ionized.

A possible contender for what is doing the ionization is fast, neutral, atomic hydrogen.

According to Randell Mills, when hydrinos (shrunken hydrogen) are formed, the energy is released in one of two ways : light or fast atomic hydrogen. The kinetic energy of the fast atomic hydrogen is about 25 eV, which may be enough to ionize molecules in the air upon collision.

Atomic hydrogen within the lattice would be the source of hydrino production, since both atomic hydrogen and hydrino itself are supposed to function as both reactant and catalysts in hydrino formation. (How convenient, hehe!)

Here's a paper that shows there is anomalously fast atomic hydrogen. It is based on the demonstration of large doppler broadening of the light from excited, neutral, atomic H species, but not any other atomic or molecular species.

(The reason for fast atomic neutral hydrogen may or may not be from hydrino formation, but it's hard to refute that fast hydrogen exists!)

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kamran-Akhtar/publication/230970971_Substantial_Doppler_broadening_of_atomic-hydrogen_lines_in_DC_and_capacitively_coupled_RF_plasmas/links/00b49532afb01c0ed6000000/Substantial-Doppler-broadening-of-atomic-hydrogen-lines-in-DC-and-capacitively-coupled-RF-plasmas.pdf