New Paper published by Hideo Kozima:
Neutron Energy Bands in the Compound and Composite CF Materials -Speculation on the Bases of the TNCF and ND Models -+
Abstract:
Using a phenomenological approach by the TNCF (trapped neutron catalyzed fusion) and the ND (neutron drop) models, we have given a unified explanation of the complex features of the cold fusion phenomenon (CFP). In the phenomenological approach, the necessary and sufficient condition for the cold fusion phenomenon (CFP) has been established as the formation of the neutron energy bands in the super-lattice of host elements and the hydrogen isotopes realized by the self-organization in complexity. In this paper, the bases and applicability of the TNCF and the ND models are investigated in the CF materials with rather complicated structures in the compound (multilayered materials and materials on substrates with interfaces) and composite (alloys, ceramics and polymers) structures investigated very often recently. In the investigation we used analogy of the neutron energy bands (neutron bands) to the electron energy bands (electron bands). The neutron bands in the compound CF materials are investigated with reference to the electron bands in PN junctions. On the other hand, the neutron bands in the composite materials are investigated with reference to the characteristics of the electron bands in alloys at around symmetrical points in the Brillouin zone. The analogy between the electron bands and the neutron bands legitimates qualitatively the use of the concepts of the neutron bands for investigation of the CFP in compound and composite CF materials. In the investigation of the neutron band in alloys, we noticed two kinds of effects of 2 the minor elements to the CFP, active (or positive) elements including the 3d and 4d transition elements and inactive (negative) elements including other than those in the active ones. The former enhances the nuclear reactions in the CFP and the latter reduces them. Direct evidence of this classification was given by experimental data by Claytor et al. and indirect evidence was given by the HER (hydrogen electrode reaction) and the UPD (underpotential deposition) in the electrochemistry. This problem will be discussed extensively in another paper. It is shown that the effects of the interfaces of the CF materials on the CFP are essential to induce the nuclear reactions between the neutrons in the bands and nuclei at disordered positions generated by the thermal motion, by the statistical distribution at a finite temperature, and by the specific situation at around interfaces.
Link to ResearchGate: