Physicists have created a fluid in a cold atom Bose Einstein condensate with "negative mass", which accelerates towards you when pushed, but what is it and how was it made? Professor Michael Forbes, from Washington State University co-authored the study.

Quote from Aleksandr Nikitin

Gentlemen! It is already clear as daylight that the path of inventing new entities (particles, forces, fields, quasiparticles and quasi-worlds, and the like) has exhausted itself. The modern scientific paradigm, which separates our World into particles and fields in space-time, has exhausted itself.

At the next stage of scientific knowledge, it is necessary to unite our entire World into one single whole and consider particles, material bodies and fields as changing states of our single World, the materiality of which lies in movement. Only along this path can we find solutions to pressing fundamental problems, including cold nuclear fusion, a new engine and a new source of energy.

Quasiparticles are not particles. Instead, they are a concept that describes the patterns that emerge when subatomic particles interact in large numbers. Quasiparticles are a disturbance in a medium that behaves as a particle and can be treated as one. For example, an electron traveling through a semiconductor behaves as though it has a different effective mass

traveling unperturbed in vacuum. Such an electron is called an electron quasiparticle.

Quasiparticles are usually not real particles and are an emergent phenomenon that occurs inside a solid. There are two types of quasiparticles: Quasiparticles related to fermions and Collective excitations related to bosons.

Quasiparticles are different from real particles in four main ways: Real particles are made up of elementary particles

Quasiparticles are not made up of elementary particlesQuasiparticles are usually used in solids

Some examples of quasiparticles include: Phonon

: A quasiparticle derived from the vibrations of atoms in a solidPlasmons

: A particle derived from plasma oscillation

Polaron

: A moving electron that interacts with surrounding atoms in a way that shields its charge with a cloud of polarizationExciton

: An electron bound to a "gap" in charge known as an electron hole

Quasiparticles are a central concept in condensed matter physics. They are a way to describe the collective behavior of a group of particles that can be treated as if they were a single particle. Quasiparticles are not particles as nature made them, but only exist inside matter.

Quasiparticles are useful because they are one of the few known ways of simplifying the quantum mechanical many-body problem, and are applicable to an extremely wide range of many-body systems. Without the concept of the quasiparticle, the math used to describe many body systems would be untenable.

Quasiparticle - Wikipedia

List of quasiparticles - Wikipedia

Quote from Aleksandr Nikitin

Dear ! You are a victim of Wikipedia.

There have already been a great many such theories in the history of physics. For example, the latter is “string theory”. Where is string theory now?

No need to complicate things. It must be said directly that a quasi-particle is a mathematical abstraction that does not have physical properties, but simply an abstract concept that helps us understand the World. For example, like words, like numbers, like math...

It’s better to write in simple terms how the quasi-particle hypothesis helps solve the problem of cold nuclear fusion.

Solid state physics is based on quasiparticles, which is a way to describe complex many-body phenomena using single particle excitations.

Quasiparticles are collective behaviors of a group of particles that can be treated as if they were a single particle. For example, an electron traveling through a semiconductor behaves as though it has a different effective mass traveling unperturbed in vacuum. Such an electron is called an electron quasiparticle.

Quasiparticles play an important role in determining the properties of matter. Complex quasi-particles formed by bound electron-hole pairs in semiconductors, which play a fundamental role in their light absorption and emission processes, which carry superconductivity and move through the crystal lattice without resistance Bogoliubov quasiparticles: Broken Cooper pairs

Quasiparticles are studied in connection with solid-state physics and nuclear physics. They can suggest new materials to look for, and new properties that materials might have.

Quasiparticles are studied in connection with solid-state physics and nuclear physics because they play an important role in determining the properties of matter. There is reason to suspect, however, that all particles may actually be disturbances in some underlying medium and, hence, are themselves quasiparticles.

Quote

There are many kinds of quasiparticles in condensed matter systems. There are the basic ones like (quasi)electrons and (quasi)holes in metals and semiconductors, phonons, magnons, polarons, plasmons, etc. While it is true that quasiparticles are inherently tied to their host medium, these excitations are "real" in all practical ways - they can be detected experimentally and their properties measured. Indeed, I would argue that it's pretty incredible that complicated, many-body interacting systems so often host excitations that look so particle-like. That doesn't seem at all obvious to me a priori.

What has also become clear over the last couple of decades is that condensed matter systems can (at least in principle) play host to quasiparticles that act mathematically like a variety of ideas that have been proposed over the years in the particle physics world. You want quasiparticles that mathematically look like massless fermions described by the Dirac equation? Graphene can do that. You want more exotic quasiparticles described by the Weyl equation? TaAs can do that. You want Majorana fermions? These are expected to be possible, though challenging to distinguish unambiguously. Remember, the Higgs mechanism started out in superconductors, and the fractional quantum Hall system supports fractionally charged quasiparticles. (For a while it seemed like there was a cottage industry on the part of a couple of teams out there: Identify a weird dispersion relation ϵ(k)) predicted in some other context; find a candidate material whose quasiparticles might show this according to modeling; take ARPES data and publish on the cover of a glossy journal.)

Why are quasiparticles present in condensed matter, and why to they "look like" some models of elementary particles? Fundamentally, both crystalline solids and free space can be usefully described using the language of quantum field theory. Crystalline solids have lower symmetry than free space (e.g. the lattice gives discrete rather than continuous translational symmetry), but the mathematical tools at work are closely related. As Bob Laughlin pointed out in his book, given that quasiparticles in condensed matter can be described in very particle-like terms and can even show fractional charge, maybe its worth wondering whether everything is in a sense quasiparticles.

How quasiparticles simplify analysis of interactions in condensed matter physics.

Both the hydrino and ultra-dense hydrogen (UDH) are likely quasiparticles. In fact the hydrino may be a form of UDH.

In condensed matter physics, a quasiparticle is a collective behavior of particles that can be treated as a single particle. For example, an electron in a semiconductor behaves like an electron quasiparticle because its motion is disturbed by interactions with atomic nuclei and other electrons.

UDH is made up of tightly bound molecules or clusters of different shapes formed from hydrogen atoms. UDH has a quasi-continuous energy distribution due to the coupling of electrons to vibrations in the material.

Through the action of entanglement with photons with electrons in the spin layer of UDH, UDH can be transformed into a composite quasiparticle that seeds Exciton-polariton condensate formation. This composite quasiparticle is then transformed into an exotic vacuum object (EVO) with the UDH at its core that acts as a shield for the the superconductive core so that the condensed polaritons act as a protective outer coating.

Quasiparticles have been used to formulate popular LENR theories including the the Widom–Larsen theory

The Widom–Larsen theory is a proposed explanation for low energy nuclear reactions (LENR). It was developed in 2005 by Allan Widom and Lewis Larsen.

The theory involves the coupling of collective oscillations to create local nuclear-strength electric fields. The quasiparticle, the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) electron-quasiparticle in these fields increase the electron's effective mass, becoming heavy electrons which was required to make the Widom–Larsen theory workable.

The theory also involves electromagnetic radiation in LENR cells, along with collective effects, to create a heavy SPP electron from a sea of SPP electrons.

The Widom–Larsen model involves the first step of the electron mass increase. As a mainstay in the NASA LENR research in 2012, NASA said that it wants to test and confirm the Widom-Larsen theory.

According to the theory, heavy SPP electrons can react with protons, deuterons, or tritons in surface patches, resulting in the simultaneous production of one, two, or three neutrons, and a neutrino. Using the quasiparticle the SPP, the theory also suggests that energy provided by the voltage gradient on an electrolyzing surface can add incrementally to an electron, causing its mass to increase.

https://www.degruyter.com/docu…mentum%20is%20very%20high

Massive surface-plasmon polaritons

Massive surface-plasmon polaritons

It is well-known that a quantum of light (photon) has a zero mass in vacuum. Entering into a medium the photon creates a quasiparticle (polariton, plasmon,…

doi.org

Received June 11, 2021; accepted August 26, 2021;

published online September 9, 2021

Abstract:

It is well-known that a quantum of light (photon)

has a zero mass in vacuum. Entering into a medium

the photon creates a quasiparticle (polariton, plasmon,

surface-phonon, surface-plasmon polariton, etc.) whose

rest mass is generally not zero. In this letter, devoted to

the memory of Mark Stockman, we evaluate the rest mass

of light-induced surface-plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and

discuss an idea that collisions of two massive SPP quasiparticles

can result in changes of their frequencies according

to the energy and momentum conservation laws.

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The following answer is from the Nobel laureate Frank Wilczek in a talk "Quasiparticles and Quasi-Worlds" (starting from 1:04:40). It seems that he gave the same talk at least three times from 2022 to 2023.

Q: I am wondering with the distinction between quasi-articles and real particles, the reason why I was still having to be very careful with that.

A: I think we should abolish it. The quasi-particles are particles and particles are quasi particles. We use the same theoretical techniques to describe them, …. It’s been extremely fruitful to think of them in the same ways. …. It can suggest new materials to look for, and new properties that materials might have. You could image things from materials that you take over into a description of so-called elementary particle, …. And I should say, it’s not widely known in the high energy community in my experience, but the people who studied liquid crystals have been using topology in very sophisticated ways for a long time and it’s a very beautiful subject, and in many ways, they went much further with it than the particle physicists.

Quote from Aleksandr Nikitin

Quasi-mind generates quasi-world!?

Frank Wilczek, the man who came up with the quasi-world concept is up for another Nobel prize for discovering Time Crystals based on quasiparticles.

Discrete time crystals

(DTCs) can be found in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). DTCs are a type of steady state that occurs when a quantum system is driven periodically and spontaneously breaks discrete time-translational symmetry. For example, one model of DTCs in a BEC is when the condensate bounces off an oscillating mirror.

BECs are a state of matter that occurs when a gas of bosons is cooled to near absolute zero, causing the particles to coalesce into a single quantum object. This object acts as a wave in a large packet. BECs can look like dense lumps in the bottom of a magnetic trap, similar to water condensing from damp air onto a cold bowl. However, when BECs first form, they are surrounded by normal gas atoms, making them look like a pit inside a cherry.

Frank Wilczek first proposed time crystals in 2012 as a time-based analogue to crystals. In crystals, atoms are arranged periodically in space, but in time crystals, atoms are arranged periodically in both space and time. Time crystals may one day be used as quantum computer memory.