Device for registration and investigation of Lenr manifestations in conditions of diaphragm discharge

From 1500° most of the matter and metal are melted..

To consider a kind of organization beyond matter lattices, only EM flux could do that..

Wyttenbach is involved in this way for nuclei organization even if apparently we should extend that at higher scales.

To me only photons are a kind of 2X2 waves self organized.. Now if they could be compressed could they do a kind of sun ??

Quote from Trifon

Two views on the most important issues of the inner life of the sun. How is the stability of the course of the thermonuclear reaction maintained, and how is the released energy removed to the surface of the sun? From a generally accepted point of view, when the hot fully ionized plasma inside the sun is in chaotic motion, the answer to the first question looks like this (quoting wikipedia). «The fusion rate in the core is in a self-correcting equilibrium: a slightly higher rate of fusion would cause the core to heat up more and expand slightly against the weight of the outer layers, reducing the density and hence the fusion rate and correcting the perturbation; and a slightly lower rate would cause the core to cool and shrink slightly, increasing the density and increasing the fusion rate and again reverting it to its present rate.»

From the point of view of the theory of crystalline plasma (Grinev), at a sufficiently high temperature, fully ionized atomic nuclei and free electrons self-organize into a rigid structure where there is no spontaneity, and collisions of nuclei are possible only in the focus of plasma crystals. Moreover, the size of this focus, which means that the probability of a collision of nuclei depends on the degree of excitation of this plasma cell. After the implementation of the next thermonuclear interaction, the released energy greatly distorts the symmetry of its own and neighboring crystal cells. The alignment of electron flows and nuclear trajectories is disrupted, and the probability of a new act of interaction of nuclei in this local location is reduced to zero. Only after the excess energy is dissipated, the equilibrium is restored. Such negative feedback regulates energy release well at any depth and in any location.

On the second issue, the issue of the removal of energy from the inner regions of the sun to the surface. Each act of thermonuclear interaction is accompanied by the scattering of high-energy particles and the emission of a hard gamma quantum. Hot plasma quickly absorbs kinetic energy of particles, light quanta are repeatedly re-emitted on electrons by the "Rosseland mean opacity" mechanism. Due to the randomness of the thermal motion of the plasma, the thermal conductivity of the solar column turns out to be very small. A quantum of light passes into the relativistic part of the electron mass an infinite number of times, then is emitted again at the first collision with a plasma particle. It is difficult to imagine how the number of these stray quanta affects the probability of new acts of thermonuclear reaction by feedback.

According to Grinev's version, electrons in a plasma crystal move along their trajectories harmoniously, they do not collide and do not emit. Only the nuclei of atoms in the focus of the crystal are subjected to collisions. At the periphery of crystals, jets of electrons moving at relativistic velocities flow freely between neighbors. The thermal conductivity of such a formation is many orders of magnitude greater than in chaotic thermal motion. A noticeable temperature gradient in the radial direction to the surface is sufficient for the released thermonuclear energy to leave the reaction zone.

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Very vague postulate..So in this way what kind of reaction should be talking about then ?

Quote from Trifon

The nuclear reaction of two neon nuclei cannot give such energy as the fusion of deuterium and tritium, but some small mass defect is released,

Quote from Trifon

According to Ken Shoulders, who discovered this phenomenon

No he did not discover the phenomenon. First major publication on this was by Winston H. Bostick USA) Many of his papers are linked on Researchgate.

10. Experimental study of plasmoids

Article

• Jan 1958
• Symposium - International Astronomical Union

• Winston H. Bostick

A plasma source can be used to project ionized matter across a magnetic field. The configuration of plasma observed when an electromagnetic braking action is produced by the presence of low-pressure gas (about 1 μ ) in the vacuum chamber provides an insight into the manner in which magnetic-field lines can be dragged and twisted. By firing several sources simultaneously, it is possible to simulate the production of spiral galaxies and barred spirals. The paper presented here forms an extension of earlier experiments performed by the author on plasmoids[1].

i don't dispute anything only asked you to better understand what you expected.

i understood that these electrons clusters "react" directly with metals apparently..No gases involved (hydrogen for example) in this way ?

Quote from Trifon

You ask me what happens if two neon nuclei with a total energy of 0.3 mega electron volts are pushed head-on when the Coulomb barrier is 0.1? I don't know, these things have been done on accelerators for 30 years. Meanwhile, it does not surprise you that at room temperature, in a vacuum tube from a voltage source of 50 volts, such an accelerator created by nature is demonstrated. You do not dispute in any way that a lot of cold electrons can transfer some of their energy to a few ions and make them capable of defeating the act of a thermonuclear reaction…

Your postulates are good however you still have to define the glue which sticks all electrons together to fully explain these charge clusters.

Quote from Trifon

Charge clusters are common in nature, they are present constantly and everywhere, and we simply do not pay attention to them. It is enough to stroke the cat: - sparks, crackling, the smell of ozone. Is it too much energy release compared to the energy spent? We do not erase individual electrons with silk from a glass stick, but destroy spontaneously formed charge clusters. The electrophoretic machine from the physics classroom, remember? You twist the handle, and sparks jump between the balls. And what if we attach to it a modern, high-efficiency converter of high voltage to voltage to drive the same machine. Does it look like a perpetual motion machine? No, just a kind of conversion of scattered thermal energy, the use of a natural artifact. And if we increase this car to the size of a bus?

But these are emotions... seriously.

In order to convince the opponent of the reality of the previously described model of the structure and functioning of the Scholdens charge cluster, it is necessary to show a number of phenomena. Let's say there is a very small excess of electrons on the surface of our planet compared to the number of protons. The reason for this may be the solar wind. The flow of corpuscles and ions coming from the sun enters the earth's atmosphere, on the other hand, even more ions and neutral atoms are continuously blown away by the same solar wind from the periphery of the earth's atmosphere. A certain balance is being formed in terms of the total electrostatic charge of the planet.

How will excess electrons behave on the surface of our relatively cold planet, if they meet on their way in the vast majority of cases self-sufficient, electrically neutral atoms, molecules and compounds. The ionization energy, or the separation of an electron from an atom from its upper orbit, lies in the range of 10-20 electron volts. So the average energy of the "extra" electrons is below this limit, let's say 5 electron volts. If we recall that the energy acquired by an electron accelerated by a potential difference of one volt corresponds to a temperature of 11,600 degrees on the Kelvin scale, it becomes clear that these are fast enough electrons. Moving charges are affected by their own electromagnetic field. (they twist around the magnetic field line of force). Light electrons are pulled together into jets, begin to move along closed circuits. These tiny toroid coils also interact with each other with their magnetic fields, forming a mutually ordered quasi–crystalline structure of a sufficiently large number of electrons.

Further, the clumps of electrons attract positive gas ions from the near environment and accelerate them in the electrostatic field to such high speeds that the ionized atom loses all its electrons inside the clot and turns into a "naked" core – ion. This charged particle of small size flies through a cluster of electrons, slows down in an electrostatic field and stops at the level of the screening radius, after which it performs continuous harmonic oscillations through the focus of the electron cluster. A whole cloud of such ions spends most of the time on the periphery of the electron cluster, completely shielding it in the surrounding space. The screening radius is such that the number of ions is about three orders of magnitude less than the number of electrons in the cluster.

Now let's move on to the triboelectric effect. The potential difference of tens of thousands of volts obtained by the simple friction of two dissimilar insulating materials, for example, glass and silk, is still an inexplicable paradox. Take a look at Wikipedia, neither quantum mechanics nor classical physics give an answer to this question. If we assume the ubiquitous presence of the charge clusters described here, then the triboelectric effect is explained easily and simply.

At the moment of mechanical friction, when the charge cluster is destroyed, we get a large number of positively charged nuclei – ions flying in different directions. Some of these particles have a high velocity and, accordingly, energy. They cannot be neutralized by the abundant cold electrons and cut into the thickness of the insulating material, taking electrons from neutral atoms. At the same time, a volumetric positive charge appears in the material. The insulator cannot be negatively charged, there are no free electrons in it and "extra" electrons do not bind to it. Therefore, the second rubbing insulating material is also positively charged, but due to its nature, to a different potential. The resulting potential difference is perceived as electrification. The charge from the electrified surface can be removed by bringing electrons from the conduction band (with a metal brush), traces of electrolyte (humidity) or negative gas ions (gradual draining of charge). As everyday experience shows, "extra" electrons do not want to participate in this matter, they prefer to get involved in new charge clusters.

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Quote from Cydonia

Your postulates are good however you still have to define the glue which sticks all electrons together to fully explain these charge clusters.

Lutz Jaitner calculated a huge magnetic field for condensed plasmoids, enough to “glue” them. That is the more conventional explanation, the more “esoteric” is the coherent state that makes the millions of electrons to behave as one.

Try to fully understand the magnetic behavior remains a great question...it is able to do what you expected maybe no maybe yes..

Anyway, i just have sent an email to Jurg about LK99 in relation with magnetism behavior expected .

Dear Jurg,

i ask myself by a "basic question".
I think you have read recent improvements in superconductivity relative with the 100°C temperature threshold.
If it could be right we will be able to store electric energy in some tores as a magnetic flux self stable.

Superconducting magnetic energy storage - Wikipedia

In this way, if this energy is stored as a self stable magnetic flux what will happen if this device will overcross the supraconductor temperature limit ?
In this scenario where will go this energy previously loaded ?

Quote from Curbina

Lutz Jaitner calculated a huge magnetic field for condensed plasmoids, enough to “glue” them. That is the more conventional explanation, the more “esoteric” is the coherent state that makes the millions of electrons to behave as one.

Quote

A little-studied process of diaphragm discharge in distilled water is used, when plasma is excited between liquid electrodes in the holes of a silicon diaphragm.

You shouldn't miss this tread in this regard. This device has still demonstration of youtube. There is lotta Cassimir vacuum related physics in one-dimensional arrangement: overunity, antigravity, cold fusion and also superconductivity.

Well, my question was to evaluate if your postulate are enough strong in your mind, i think no, now..

Even if i have no pbs with the EVO existence.

Now the more probable explanation to get closer electrons is their speed which can be relativistic "sometimes".

In another words, a relativistic speed explain also the current resistivity in a wire for example.

Quote from Trifon

Here's what Ken Shoulders writes about the ability of electrons to assemble into dense formations in his work. (What’s an EVO?)

Why Would They Act This Way: There are several unique properties to the portion of space we occupy on this planet and nearby neighborhood. One of the most obvious curiosities is the way we have reached a charge neutral or charge balanced condition, with the exception of an occasional thunderstorm, fractoemission cracked rock, and rubbing hair on amber. The driving force behind this is that electrons really don’t want to be alone. At the first opportunity available, they join up with something. In the case of elements, they readily join the nucleus, with its positive charge invitation, until a balance is obtained.

Oddly enough, and this is not common knowledge, they also join each other as long as the spacing is as close as one atomic diameter or so. That is what happens when an abrupt, high field process, like a gas discharge or field emission, forcibly ejects electrons from a conductor at sufficiently high current density. Having once achieved this uncommon union for our portion of space, the electrons stick together until the marriage is violated by a sufficient quantity of conductor where they are forced to return to their more common state as an atom. But while in this little package, whatever it is called, very delightful things happen that can be used to our advantage.

At this point all we have is a controllable entity capable of extraordinary thrust and using trivial control power. Some of the requirements for this condition seem to be connected to its large size, being larger than a single electron, and the apparent closeness of the substructure, assuming there are internal parts. Curiously, the critical number density of the substructure matches Avogadro’s number. To a first approximation, the parts within are spaced the same as if they were in an atomic lattice.

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Quote from Cydonia

In another words, a relativistic speed explain also the current resistivity in a wire for example.

Electrons in a wire move very slowly.

Electric current (electricity) is a flow or movement of electrical charge. The electricity that is conducted through copper wires in your home consists of moving electrons. The protons and neutrons of the copper atoms do not move. The actual progression of the individual electrons in a given direction through the wire is quite slow. The electrons have to work their way through the billions of atoms in the wire and this takes considerable time. In the case of a 12 gauge copper wire carrying 10 amperes of current (typical of home wiring), the individual electrons only move about 0.02 cm per sec or 1.2 inches per minute (in science this is called the drift velocity of the electrons.). If this is the situation in nature, why do the lights come on so quickly? At this speed it would take the electrons hours to get to the lights.

Atoms are very tiny, less than a billionth of a meter in diameter. The wire is "full" of atoms and free electrons and the electrons move among the atoms. In a typical copper wire there would be trillions of electrons flowing past any given point in the wire every second, but they would be passing that point very slowly. Think of the wire in comparison to a pipe full of marbles. If we push another marble into a filled pipe, then one marble would have to exit the other end. Electrons are like that in a wire. If one moves they all have to move. Thus when you turn on a switch an electrical potential difference (created by a generator) immediately causes a force that tries to move the electrons. If you make one electron move when you turn on a switch, the electrons throughout the wire move, even if the wire is miles long. Therefore when you turn on a switch, the electrons in the light start moving "instantly" as far as we are concerned, i.e. something starts to happen throughout the electrical system. Although the electrons are actually moving through the wire slowly, we say that the speed of electricity is near the speed of light (extremely fast). What we really mean is that the effects from the electricity occur "instantly." The light comes on the instant you flip a switch. You do not have to wait for electrons to flow from the switch to the light.

Quote from Alan Smith

The electricity that is conducted through copper wires in your home consists of moving electrons.

This was my understanding also, but recently I have become aware that Electric Engineers don't share this point of view, they postulate that the electrons don't move at all through the wire and that the energy travels in the electric field generated in the circuit, at the speed of light. I was baffled by this. There is a video in the channel Veritassium that deals with this topic.

We can't underestimate relativistic effects in your reasoning.

this video well explains that from 6.40 in our case.

Quote from Alan Smith

Electrons in a wire move very slowly.

Electric current (electricity) is a flow or movement of electrical charge. The electricity that is conducted through copper wires in your home consists of moving electrons. The protons and neutrons of the copper atoms do not move. The actual progression of the individual electrons in a given direction through the wire is quite slow. The electrons have to work their way through the billions of atoms in the wire and this takes considerable time. In the case of a 12 gauge copper wire carrying 10 amperes of current (typical of home wiring), the individual electrons only move about 0.02 cm per sec or 1.2 inches per minute (in science this is called the drift velocity of the electrons.). If this is the situation in nature, why do the lights come on so quickly? At this speed it would take the electrons hours to get to the lights.

Atoms are very tiny, less than a billionth of a meter in diameter. The wire is "full" of atoms and free electrons and the electrons move among the atoms. In a typical copper wire there would be trillions of electrons flowing past any given point in the wire every second, but they would be passing that point very slowly. Think of the wire in comparison to a pipe full of marbles. If we push another marble into a filled pipe, then one marble would have to exit the other end. Electrons are like that in a wire. If one moves they all have to move. Thus when you turn on a switch an electrical potential difference (created by a generator) immediately causes a force that tries to move the electrons. If you make one electron move when you turn on a switch, the electrons throughout the wire move, even if the wire is miles long. Therefore when you turn on a switch, the electrons in the light start moving "instantly" as far as we are concerned, i.e. something starts to happen throughout the electrical system. Although the electrons are actually moving through the wire slowly, we say that the speed of electricity is near the speed of light (extremely fast). What we really mean is that the effects from the electricity occur "instantly." The light comes on the instant you flip a switch. You do not have to wait for electrons to flow from the switch to the light.

Well, if you consider that electrons are US actuators, in this way the "electric current" will be the sound waves.. Only waves without masses can reach speed of light (electrons have a mass even if low at our scale)

This islinked with the current debate Bayak/Wyttenbach

Quote from Curbina

This was my understanding also, but recently I have become aware that Electric Engineers don't share this point of view, they postulate that the electrons don't move at all through the wire and that the energy travels in the electric field generated in the circuit, at the speed of light. I was baffled by this. There is a video in the channel Veritassium that deals with this topic.